6 самых распространенных заболеваний кожи головы и волос

Diseases of the scalp and hair is a condition when the body, having lost all the strength to compensate for metabolic disorders, declares a problem. This means that when a person has problems with hair and scalp, you should not buy all kinds of shampoos, masks and hair balms, but check the condition of the body for the presence of trace elements that affect the condition of the hair. It is important to understand which hair diseases are an indication for contacting a therapist and a dermatologist, and which ones are an indication for an endocrinologist. After all, troubles with hair often occur against the background of hormonal disorders.

 Common hair diseases

  1. Alopecia

Alopecia refers to the process of hair loss more than normal, which, if left untreated, can result in baldness of the scalp. The main reason for the development of such a hair disease is an increased level of male hormones. Therefore, men are more prone to baldness than women. Elevated testosterone in men is often a genetic problem and develops in all men in the family.

Women are also exposed to these hormones. Situations in which a woman has an increased level of androgens are dysfunctions of the ovaries, pituitary gland and adrenal glands.

As you know, the thyroid gland controls many processes in the body, and the violation of its function affects health and appearance. When the thyroid gland does not work properly, the balance of hormones, including steroid hormones, is disturbed, which leads to an increased level of androgens. It causes hair diseases. Disturbances in the functioning of the immune system, intestinal microbiocenosis and chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract provoke the development of such a hair disease as alopecia.

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  1. Early gray hair

For a long time, early gray hair has been associated with frequent nervous tension. This is partly true, since stressful situations can trigger the development of any disease. Hair diseases are no exception. But there are some reasons in the internal homeostasis of the body. Lack of iron, zinc, copper, calcium provokes early gray hair. This process is especially affected by iron deficiency. Iron deficiency anemia affects any woman due to regular menstrual blood loss. This causes the development of anemia with the timely non-replenishment of iron stores. Therefore, women turn gray faster and more often.

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  1. Trichoclasia nodosa

This is a hair disease in which knots form on the hair. The knots do not allow combing. Hair breaks easily, flakes and falls out. This happens after situations in which the hair is severely injured. These are perms, tight hairstyles, combing wet hair with a metal comb, frequent use of a hair dryer with high temperatures, strong overheating in the sun, frequent washing of hair. Such nodules form at the ends, where the hair then breaks off. It has been established that people whose gestation in the womb was accompanied by iron deficiency anemia are prone to nodular trichoclasia.

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Scalp conditions that require medical attention

  1. Seborrhea and dandruff

When dandruff appears on the scalp, it always comes to mind that  the main reason for this – opportunistic fungus. When the immune forces are weakened, the fungus begins to multiply and provokes a violation of the growth cycle of scalp cells. As a result, scalp cells are shed more often than necessary. This is such a disease of the scalp - dandruff. Often this process is accompanied by itching of the scalp and the presence of foci of redness. There are reasons for the reproduction of the fungus - a change in the composition of the sebum that the fungus feeds on. Sebum changes its composition due to hormonal disorders, genetic predisposition and pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract.

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  1. Scalp eczema

Eczema often appears on the background of seborrhea. Its signs are dry scalp, formation of small elevations above the skin, spots that itch a lot, especially when the scalp is "not fresh". The skin is dry, flaky, there is a burning sensation. Often, a scalp disease such as eczema is regarded as a symptom of another disease. Eczema can be provoked by food or drug allergies, diseases of internal organs, disorders in the endocrine and immune systems.

  1. Psoriasis

This is a disease of the scalp, which is accompanied by the appearance of pink rashes on the skin, the presence of white scales. At the same time, the scalp is dry, there is constant itching. With psoriasis, scalp cells are renewed too quickly, which causes the process of peeling. At the same time, the skin loses its elasticity and firmness, becomes thicker and prone to inflammatory processes.

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Therefore, when dandruff appears, you should not run to the store and buy anti-dandruff shampoos that will not help, but consult a doctor. It is important to understand that dandruff, itching, redness, bumps and gray hair at a young age – alarms that cannot be ignored. Otherwise, a person, especially a woman, risks losing her beauty and attractiveness that hair gives.

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