In skin aging, both internal and external mechanisms of aging are involved. Ultraviolet rays appear in external mechanisms, and inevitable internal aging is accompanied by oxidative metabolism. There are a large number of anti-aging actives that help prevent, slow down these aging mechanisms or restore the skin after they occur. Growth factors play a particularly important role in this, helping to restore the imbalance that leads to a decrease in the amount of collagen in the skin. Dermatologist Hema Subderam describes the benefits of injecting growth factors and platelet-rich fibrin matrix, as well as their topical application.

What growth factors are used for skin rejuvenation?

Growth factors are able to prevent suppression of procollagen synthesis – collagen precursor – and its destruction.

It is possible to combine growth factors with cytokines and other anti-aging actives to provide a synergistic approach to skin rejuvenation.

Such growth factors include:

  • vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF);
  • platelet growth factor (PDGF);
  • transforming growth factor .beta.1;
  • transforming growth factor .beta.2;
  • tissue inhibitor of metalloproteniasis (TIMP).

Auxiliary growth factors help to accelerate cell growth and wound healing by enhancing fibroblast activity. It is important to note that the effect of such substances is cascade, i.e. injection of growth factors directly into the target skin layers is not necessary.

Growth factors are able to prevent suppression of procollagen synthesis – collagen precursor – and its destruction.

Keranocytes are equipped with receptors for growth factors and cytokines. When such active substances are superficially injected into the skin or even applied externally, we can potentially act on keranocytes and start a cascade reaction that will lead to the activation of the dermis. 

We'll look at:

  • which growth factors are intended for external use;
  • features of injection of growth factors;
  • Fibrin matrix application.

Topical application of growth factors for skin rejuvenation

Growth factors for topical use include human, animal, plant and recombinant growth factors.

One example of animal growth factors is SCA, which stands for snail secret cryptomphalus aspersa. Mucus is obtained directly from snails cryptomphalus aspersa.

Snail Secret contains a complex of growth factors that is released during exposure to stress and tissue damage. It also contains glycosaminoglycans and enzymatic antioxidants. Studies have shown that SCA can regenerate damaged tissue in less than 48 hours, so snail secretion is obtained for external use.

The growth factor enhances the proliferation of fibroblasts and stimulates their division. It also optimizes their form and function, bringing them into a state of activity. The higher the concentration, the faster the proliferation of fibroblasts.

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Growth Factor Injection Opportunities

Is it possible to promote skin regeneration and improve the results of procedures by injecting own growth factors?

Platelets contain all the elements necessary for tissue regeneration. Platelet-Rich Fibrin Matrix (PRFM) – Selphyl – allows the body to control and continuously synthesize growth factors and cytokines.

Platelets – these are complex cells that provide skin repair, cell growth, collagen synthesis, angiogenesis, growth and production of keranocytes, and also promote wound healing – they are all important factors in the fight against skin aging.

Platelet-Rich Fibrin Matrix and Plasma

What is the difference between platelet-rich fibrin matrix and platelet-rich plasma? The platelet-rich matrix contains fewer red blood cells in plasma, which reduces the risk of hemosiderin staining. This is an important aspect for the whole face, especially – for tear troughs. Many patients who seek correction in this area already have problems with hemosiderin, the accumulation of which is one of the main causes of dark circles under the eyes. That is why it is necessary to avoid introducing an excess dose of hemooxiderin into this area.

A minimal amount of leukocytes in plasma, according to the available data, reduces the risk of remodeling of damaged tissue, which leads to the activation of matrix metalloproteniases that destroy collagen.

The procedure for injecting platelet-rich fibrin matrix is ​​non-traumatic. The platelet-rich fibrin matrix is ​​administered in liquid form, but remains at the injection site and provides the desired effect. The closed system minimizes the risk of infection.

The closer the concentration of substances used to their concentration in the body, the safer the procedure. Physiological balance can be achieved by maintaining a group of growth factors and cytokines within their proportions in the blood, slightly increasing their concentration.

Introduction of growth factors as part of a platelet-rich fibrin matrix

The procedure uses a closed complex with labeled tubes. First step – to take blood from the patient, then you need to carefully turn the tube over and place it in a centrifuge. The machine rotates for six minutes, resulting in platelet-rich plasma.

After transfusion of the obtained plasma into a tube with calcium chloride, it turns into a platelet-rich fibrin matrix. The whole preparation takes 20 minutes. After that, you can enter the resulting matrix.

There are a number of potential uses for fibrin matrix:

  • smooth fine lines and wrinkles;
  • volume increase;
  • facial rejuvenation;
  • Improve the tone, texture, color and quality of the skin.

Dr. Hema Sanderam prefers to use a multi-level superficial technique with the introduction of a platelet-rich fibrin matrix. When the matrix is ​​introduced into the tear trough, a blunt-tipped cannula is used in the superficial subcutaneous plane. The liquid platelet-rich fibrin matrix is ​​very gentle, so it is very difficult to overdo it.

After this deep cannula insertion, a sharp needle (30 or 32 gauge) is used to inject the platelet-rich fibrin matrix intradermally.

Combined use of cannula and needle minimizes tissue damage and bruising.

Tear trough treatments using platelet-rich fibrin matrix and/or platelet-rich plasma can be combined with hyaluronic acid in the lower face if additional volume is needed.

Complex treatments with platelet-rich fibrin matrix help to get rid of dark circles under the eyes, improve skin tone and texture. The procedure also provides the effect of a superficial increase in volume and improvement of tissue quality after only three months. In addition, the described procedure is safe and well tolerated. Studies have shown that it can promote angiogenesis and fat cell synthesis.

Combining platelet-rich fibrin matrix and platelet-rich plasma with other fillers and autologous fat provides an effective combined approach.

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