Eliminate dark spots and brighten the skin of the face – quite popular procedures all over the world. The condition for the effective elimination of a fairly common problem – pigmentation – is understanding the causes of pigmentation, as well as knowing the ingredients that provide the desired result.

Recently, skin lightening products have been increasingly appearing on store shelves, many of which have nothing to do with medicine. As a result, there are increasing reports of toxicity and carcinogenicity of ingredients found in skin lightening products – corticoids, hydroquinone and mercury derivatives. Therefore, care must be taken not to harm the skin.

Facial brightening products

Medical literature indicates that vitamins A, C, citric acid, flavonoids and amino acids are good for skin lightening, but most of these substances are unstable and can cause skin irritation. Chemical peels, lasers and LEDs can be effective for skin lightening, but if you use them, you need to remember that there is a recovery period.

What determines the color of a person's skin?

Human skin color is mainly regulated by the mechanism of the enzyme tyrosinase involved in the production of melanin. Melanin is produced by melanocytes during melanogenesis, which involves membrane-bound melanosome granules. As soon as melanosomes are filled with melanin, they "fall into the hands" of melanocytes, from where they pass into keranocytes. Under normal conditions, melanosomes coat the top of keranocytes to protect them from DNA damage caused by sun exposure.

Normal skin color is the result of constitutional pigmentation and facultative pigmentation (caused by ultraviolet radiation). This results in a superposition of the four primary colors:

  • yellow carotenoids;
  • red oxyhemoglobin of skin capillaries;
  • blue deoxyhemoglobin from skin venules;
  • brown melanin in keranocytes.

Differences in skin color (from light to dark) are due to the amount of eumelanin (brown-black polymer) and pheomelanin (yellow-red hue). Tyrosinase produces the pigment melanin from an amino acid called tyrosine in melanocytes.

Effective facial brightening ingredients

Glutathione – it is a tripeptide consisting of cysteine, glycine and glutamate and acts as the main antioxidant. It is synthesized in the human body. Glutathione protects the thiol groups of proteins from oxidation and takes part in cell detoxification in order to maintain the cellular environment. Reduced glutathione (GSH) has a whitening effect on human skin due to its ability to inhibit tyrosinase.

The problem with glutathione is its large molecule size, which prevents it from penetrating the skin as a cream, gel, or serum. Many foods contain glutathione, but it must be injected to lighten the skin. Mesotherapy is the best delivery method for glutathione.

Another important ingredient is gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). It is a safer and more natural alternative to other bleaching agents that can have serious side effects. The gamma-aminobutyric acid molecule is synthesized naturally by the human body. It has been established that gamma-aminobutyric acid has a beneficial effect on human health, especially on skin rejuvenation.

Folic acid also helps to improve skin tone and condition, as shown in a study with topical folic acid and creatine formula, which showed a significant increase in firmness in mature skin. And when folic acid and creatine were used on fibroblast-filled skin equivalents, increased collagen gene expression and procollagen levels, as well as increased collagen fiber density, were observed, suggesting that the effect on living skin is due to an overall improvement in collagen metabolism.

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is often referred to as the molecule of youth because it is one of the most powerful antioxidants known to science. Superoxide dismutase is found in the human body, but its amount decreases with age.

Researchers believe that most skin lesions, including photodamage, wrinkles, age spots, and loss of skin firmness – the result of the constant damaging effects of free radicals.

Results of using Whitebox to brighten the skin of the face

Whitebox – this is a set consisting of Surface White – product for mesotherapy containing glutathione, Surface Cream and Surface Serum (cream and serum) with a complex content of 3% and 10% gamma-aminobutyric acid, respectively. According to a study conducted by Dr. Beilin in Paris, during which the products were applied twice a day for five weeks (% and 10% gamma-aminobutyric acid) in addition to mesotherapy sessions, which were carried out once every five weeks. According to the results of the study, the mesotherapy itself was effective, and as a result of the use of the gamma-aminobutyric acid complex, there was a significant skin lightening and reduction of dark spots.

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