Янтарная кислота – активный компонент для борьбы с гиперпигментацией

The color of our skin depends on many factors – these are the individual properties of the epidermis, and the state of the capillaries, and the intensity of blood flow in them, but the most important is the skin pigment. We are talking about the activity of melanocytes of the skin, which produce the pigment melanin.

The color of the skin depends on it, and in cases of hypermelanocytic disorders, melanin causes the appearance of dark pigment spots.

How to correct such disorders and reduce hyperpigmentation, what role does succinic acid play in this, read on estet-portal.com expert opinion Maurizio Ceccarelli – Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor of Aesthetic Medicine (Italy).

What processes in the skin cause hyperpigmentation

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In the basal layer of the epidermis there are specific melanocyte cells, in which the pigment melanin is synthesized. This pigment is grouped in melanosomes and then, with the help of dendritic processes of melanocytes, it is evenly distributed in the surface layers of the epidermis, determining the color of our skin.

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Melanin is produced by biochemical synthesis from amino acids in the presence of enzymes, the main one being – tyrosinase. This copper-containing enzyme is synthesized in melanocytes of the skin, it is active only in relation to the amino acids tyrosine and dopamine, oxidizing their phenolic residues using oxygen molecules.

The production of melanin is a protective reaction of the skin to the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation.

When the skin is photodamaged by UV irradiation, melanocyte-stimulating hormone is released in it, which starts intensive production of melanosomes with pigment and directs them to the surface layers of the epidermis. If the photodamage was strong enough, then the melanin granules could migrate into the dermal layer.

Melanin that has entered the dermis is quite difficult to extract, since the cells of this layer of the skin are renewed slowly and irregularly, and therefore stable stable pigmentation is formed from it, which becomes a serious aesthetic flaw.

What can be done to eliminate hyperpigmentation of the skin

Melanin that has entered the dermal layer can be eliminated by removing this area of ​​the dermis, but this is a highly damaging procedure that can cause post-inflammatory melanogenesis and a new round of hyperpigmentation. Such post-inflammatory age spots occur, for example, after chemical peels, dermabrasion, some laser rejuvenation procedures.

Hyperpigmentation treatment with chemical peels

Another option for removing melanin from the dermal layer – try to activate the macrophages, which will come and destroy the pigment granules. For this, an appropriate signal should be transmitted to the tyrosine kinase enzyme responsible for phagocytosis, and hyaluronic acid molecules are such a signal carrier. In addition to the signal function in relation to phagocytosis, hyaluronic acid is able to block the work of tyrosinase – that is, the production of new melanin.

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Another substance that can affect tyrosinase and block melanogenesis – it is succinic acid. The activity of tyrosinase is largely due to the presence of copper in its composition, and succinic acid belongs to the class of dicarboxylic acids that enter into compounds with copper and completely deactivate it, leading to the loss of its functions by tyrosinase. In addition, succinic acid has a slight acidifying and antioxidant effect, inhibits the oxidation of melanin by free radicals.

The depigmenting effect of Xela Rederm is based on the properties of hyaluronic and succinic acids to block the production of melanin and activate phagocytosis in relation to the granules of this pigment

How preparations based on the complex of succinic and hyaluronic acid work in hyperpigmentation

Injectable preparations Xela Rederm (Italy) and Hyalual light/smart/boostet from

company Institute Hyalual contain succinic acid (sodium succinate 1.6%) and high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (1 .1% ;1.8%;2.2%). They have proven themselves in the correction of age-related skin changes and have shown their effectiveness in the fight against hyperpigmentation of the skin.

 

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Hyperpigmentation Treatment Recommendations:

    Use Xela Rederm at 1.1% or 1.8% or 2.2%;
  • apply intradermal papular technique;
  • the procedure is carried out once a week, the course of therapy for hyperpigmentation – 3-5 treatments.

Hyperpigmentation is a current problem in modern dermatology and cosmetology

The procedure for injecting a combination of hyaluronic and succinic acids is called redermalization, because, in addition to reducing hyperpigmentation and improving skin color, the course of procedures results in a significant lifting effect, smoothing the skin relief, improving its texture and deep moisturizing.

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