Herpes – one of the most common diseases of the oral cavity. It is provoked by an opportunistic virus & nbsp; herpes labialis. Herpes in the oral cavity is not a dangerous disease and rarely harms the human body.
However, the manifestations of this disease are quite unpleasant. In this article, estet-portal invites you to consider the causes of herpes in the mouth, its varieties, as well as talk about the correct treatment and symptoms of this disease, depending on the affected area.
Pathogeny and causes of herpes development in the oral cavity
Herpes in the oral cavity is provoked by human herpesvirus type 1. This pathogen lives in the body of the vast majority of people in a latent form. Herpesvirus type 1 is not dangerous to humans and, unlike other varieties, does not pose a threat even during pregnancy.
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By penetrating into the body through the mucous membrane of the mouth or upper respiratory tract, the virus overcomes the soft tissues and is absorbed into the blood. The pathogen can then enter the internal organs.
A feature of human herpesvirus is the ability to integrate into the genome of nerve cells. Thus, the virus protects itself from opposition from the immune system and remains forever in the human body. The disease usually manifests itself with a decrease in immunity.
The cause of the development of herpes can be:
- emotional or physical stress;
- acute respiratory disease;
- temperature increase;
- avitaminosis;
- Chronic sleep deprivation.
In an attempt to fight the pathogen, the body begins to produce antibodies that block the particles of the virus in the blood. Herpesvirus type 1 can be suppressed by the immune system in about a week.
Human herpesvirus type 1 can be transmitted by contact and airborne droplets.
The most common causes of infection are:
1. kissing and other contact with the skin of an infected person;
2. violation of hygiene rules (sharing utensils, kitchen and toilet utensils).
It should be reminded once again: the herpesvirus in a latent form is in the body of the vast majority of people from the moment of infection until the end of life.
In other words, if you had herpes before school, then in a few decades it may appear not as a result of a recent infection, but as a relapse.
Symptoms of the disease depending on the affected area
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Herpes in the mouth often begins with general malaise, loss of appetite and fever. After some time, the symptoms are joined by:
- burning and itching in the area of the future rash;
- inflammation and pain in the submandibular and cervical lymph nodes;
- discoloration and swelling of the gums, cheeks and tongue;
- pain in the mouth;
- bleeding of the gums and soft tissues of the oral cavity;
- rashes of red color, which after a while turn into small white blisters.
When bursting, the blisters leave small yellow ulcers. Within a few hours, a hard fragmentary crust forms in their place. At this stage, the area of the rash may bleed and crack.
After the ulcers have healed, the gums may remain swollen and bleed for several days.
The clinical picture depends on the affected area
Gingiva. Gum disease with herpes virus usually begins with a fever that can last up to seven days. Then small bubbles appear on the gum. The rash is accompanied by pain, discoloration of tissues and slight bleeding. The palate and tongue may be covered with a yellow coating. In some cases, the gums are covered with plaque mixed with pus. Herpes on the gums is characterized by increased salivation.
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The inner side of the lips. The disease of this zone is accompanied by itching, redness and swelling. After a few days, small blisters appear in the affected area. They usually burst within 2 days, forming ulcers.
Palate. Herpes in the sky is conventionally divided into 5 types:
- Disseminated – characterized by several lesions.
- Hemorrhagic – characterized by bloody vesicles on the tonsils. It is characterized by intoxication, headache and muscle pain. Hemorrhagic herpes of the palate is considered the most severe form of oral herpes.
- Migrating – characterized by frequent relapses that occur in a new place.
- Erosive-ulcerative – characterized by deep ulcers that form at the site of burst bubbles. Erosion may not heal for a long time and leave scars behind.
- Edematous – characterized by the complete absence of rash. A slight swelling forms in the affected area.
Glands. The defeat of the tonsils is accompanied by small rashes, which quickly disappear, leaving erosion in their place. The affected area is covered with oval white spots. Herpes on the tonsils requires treatment, as in some cases it can lead to tissue necrosis.
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Degrees of severity of herpes in the oral cavity
Herpes of the oral cavity can occur in three forms.
- Mild degree. In this case, there are practically no symptoms. Characteristic bubbles and fever with it appear rarely. The affected area is slightly swollen. In a mild form, the patient may experience discomfort in the affected area and loss of appetite.
- Medium degree. Moderate herpes is characterized by a bright manifestation of symptoms. This form requires competent treatment: only in this case the disease will not go away without complications and will not leave traces.
- Severe. In this form of the disease, herpes affects a large area of the oral cavity. The disease begins very abruptly, the symptoms appear almost instantly. The patient needs medical supervision, since severe herpes is fraught with complications.
It is worth noting that herpes is quite common in preschool children. Considering that the child cannot always explain what exactly hurts him, herpes in babies is often diagnosed as quite neglected. That is why parents should conduct an oral examination of babies at the first sign of malaise.
Methods of treatment of herpes in the oral cavity
Alas, modern medicine does not know how to completely rid the body of the herpes virus. Today's treatments are symptomatic therapy. In other words, they are aimed at reducing discomfort and normalizing the general condition of the patient. In addition, treatment should be aimed at combating other bacteria and viruses that can aggravate the course of the disease.
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In order for herpes to go unnoticed and not cause damage to the body, the patient is required to:
- Compliance with bed rest.
- Removal from the diet of certain foods that can irritate the mucous membrane or impair the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. The patient during the illness is strictly forbidden to consume sour, salty and spicy foods.
- Drinking a lot of water, not strong tea or herbal teas.
- Taking painkillers, antivirals and antiseptics in accordance with the doctor's prescription.
- Taking vitamins.
As you can see, herpes in the oral cavity is, although not dangerous, but a very unpleasant disease. To avoid complications, you should listen to the advice of a doctor and not neglect treatment.
Follow the rules of hygiene, take care of your health and herpes will bypass you! More interesting articles about beauty and health are waiting for you at estet-portal.com.
Read also: How to treat a cold on the lips: folk methods
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