Sirtuins are evolutionarily preserved mediators of longevity, they are also called "anti-aging proteins". Increased activity of these proteins has been identified in people living over 100 years. Sirtuins are responsible for the regeneration, viability and stability of cells, they play a significant role in the response to stress. The search sirtuin activator is one of the most extensive research topics. Some hope is being pinned on natural compounds, including curcumin. Read more about how sirtuins resist aging, as well as how to increase their level, read on estet-portal.com in this article.
- The secret of youth and longevity: sirtuin proteins
- Anti-aging effects of sirtuins
- Sirtuin potential: in vivo and in vitro studies
- How to make sirtuins work
The secret of youth and longevity: sirtuin proteins
Aging – it is a plastic process that can be modeled successfully with some biomedical or pharmaceutical approaches. In this way, it is possible to delay or even prevent some age-related changes and pathologies.
One of the most promising areas of anti-aging are proteins belonging to the sirtuin family.
Sirtuins were originally discovered as transcriptional repressors in yeast, but are now known to occur in bacteria and eukaryotes (including mammals).
Sirtuins are believed to play a key role during the cellular response to various stresses such as oxidative or genotoxic stress.
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While some evidence casts doubt on the direct role of sirtuins in increasing human lifespan, it has been documented that the right lifestyleand, including physical activity and diet, can influence lifespan through raise the level of sirtuins. The search for a sirtuin activator is one of the most extensive research topics. Some hopes are pinned on natural compounds, including curcumin.
Anti-aging effects of sirtuins
Modulation of sirtuin activity in mammals can regulate many processes such as gene expression, cellular metabolism, apoptosis, DNA repair, cell cycle, development, immune response, and neuroprotection.
A significant increase in interest in sirtuins occurred in 1999, when it was reported that Sir2 overexpression could extend yeast lifespan by as much as 70%.
The anti-aging effects of sirtuins seem to be retained from yeast to mammals, however, the complexity of their function increases with the complexity of the organism. In yeast, the positive effect of sirtuin activity can be explained by an increase in the stability of the genome.
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Further studies have shown that the effect of sirtuins allows to increase the lifespan of other organisms, such as Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster. In mammals, these proteins regulate numerous signaling pathways, and most importantly – those that are directly involved in aging.
Sirtuin potential: in vivo and in vitro studies
Aging is associated with numerous changes at the organismal, tissue and cellular level. With age aging cells accumulate in many tissues, disrupting their normal functioning. Senescent cells modify the microenvironmentby secreting certain cytokines, chemokines and inflammatory mediators.
The increase in DNA damage with age is the result of a breakdown in the efficiency of DNA repair systems. DNA damage is believed to be the main cause of cellular aging.
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Sirtuins are essential for DNA repair, inflammation control and antioxidant protection, making them good anti-aging / anti-aging targets.
How to make sirtuins work
Calorie restriction so far is the only effective way to prolong life without genetic or pharmacological intervention.
The effect of calorie restriction (in addition to prolonging lifespan) is manifested in physiological and behavioral changes, such as reduced levels of growth factors, glucose, triglycerides, and increased physical activity.
Almost all sirtuins except SIRT4 are elevated as a result of calorie restriction. Therefore, sirtuins are believed to mediate the beneficial effects of such a diet.
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Thus, proper nutrition with calorie restriction is the main guarantee of health and longevity.
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