Epithelioma combines under its name, as a rule, several types of tumors of the skin and mucous membranes. All of them develop from the cells of the epidermis, can manifest as small nodules, plaques, ulcers, extensive tumors, benign and malignant. It is very important to diagnose the form of epithelioma quickly and correctly in order to prevent malignancy of the process. Most often, epitheliomas are treated by elderly patients. The treatment is mainly surgical, in the case of malignant skin tumors, other therapies are added.

Forms of epithelioma and the main symptoms of the disease

Most dermatologists suggest classifying epithelioma into three forms:

basalioma (basal cell epithelioma) - occurs on the face and neck from a small nodule, can be of different shapes, is considered a malignant formation, but does not metastasize, although it affects not only the dermis, but also muscles and bones;

squamous cell carcinoma (spinocellular epithelioma) - localized on the red border of the lips, in the genital area, may look like an ulcer or plaque, grows rapidly and forms metastases;

trichoepithelioma (adenoid cystic epithelioma) - looks like multiple painless tumors the size of a pea, located on the ears and face, less often on the scalp. Develops slowly, has a benign course.

Causes of epithelioma and its diagnosis

Epithelioma often manifests itself against the background of certain diseases and skin lesions - scars and burns, eczema, chronic solar dermatitis.

Factors that provoke the development of epithelioma include the following:

  • chronic or prolonged solar insolation;
  • permanent trauma to the skin;
  • exposure to chemicals;
  • skin inflammations.

Since epithelioma has so many forms of manifestation, the final diagnosis can only be made on the basis of a histological examination of the biopsy.

Treatment of different forms of epithelioma and prognosis of its development

Epithelioma can only be treated by removing it. If epitheliomas are small and there are a lot of them, laser removal, cryodestruction, electrocoagulation are used. If there is a deep germination and metastasis of the epithelioma, it is excised surgically in combination with the appointment of chemotherapy. With timely diagnosis and early treatment, the prognosis is favorable.

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