Many years of research by scientists have proven that almost every person today is infected with some kind of papillomavirus, which in our time has become extremely widespread. Some types of papillomavirus cause skin diseases, affect the mucous membranes, including causing warts. Without proper treatment, warts can grow, affecting new areas of the skin.
The development of warts is caused by a filterable human papillomavirus. The incubation period lasts from several weeks to six months. Infection occurs by direct contact and through household items, autoinoculation is possible. Microtrauma also contributes to infection.
Flat juvenile warts and their features
Mostly such warts occur in children and young people on exposed skin surfaces, primarily on the face (forehead, cheeks, near the mouth).
The rashes are usually multiple and disseminated, from the side they look like brown spots. Individual papules are rounded, polygonal, or irregular in shape. They rise above the surface of the skin, are 2-3 mm in diameter, normal flesh or light brown in color. Their surface is smooth, sometimes covered with thin, barely noticeable flour-like scales. The nodules tend to coalesce, especially on the chin. Flat warts can be placed in bands. Subjective sensations do not cause. The rash disappears suddenly and without a trace after a few months or after 1-2 years.
Common warts, their types and external manifestations
Common warts are located mainly on open areas of the body, in most cases on the bones. Sometimes common warts are observed on the face (near the mouth) on the lips, oral mucosa (tongue, palate), where they are isolated and often look like threads or villi. They are also found in the pharynx in the form of papillomas. Common warts affect the skin and less often – mucous membrane of the oral cavity. It is quite rare to detect vulgar warts on the scalp.
Appearance of vulgar warts
The elements of the rash look like tumor-like formations, dense to the touch, with a rough, fine papillary, hyperkeratotic surface, ranging in size from a grain to a pea or more, with a tendency to merge. The color of the warts varies from the color of normal skin to a slightly brown or dirty gray tint. Warts are predominantly multiple, and the first (“maternal”) – the largest. Merged warts form large foci with pronounced hyperkeratosis.
Subjective sensations, as a rule, cause only subungual warts vulgaris. Predominantly sick children under 16 years of age. Warts disappear unexpectedly and by themselves.
Warts are localized on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity (the anterior part of the oral cavity, especially the corners of the mouth, the lateral surfaces of the anterior part of the tongue) and less often – on the gums and the red border of the lips. Warts can occur on the mucous membrane of the nose, genitals. The incubation period lasts from several days to 3-4 months.
"Truths and myths about warts"
Two types of warts appear on the oral mucosa and on the skin: flat and pointed. A flat wart has the appearance of a compacted papule, slightly protruding above the level of a healthy mucosa. Its contours are clear, rounded, the color is grayish-white or slightly brighter than the surrounding mucous membrane. The pointed wart has the appearance of a pointed papilla of pale pink color, located on a thin stalk, such warts often grow and resemble cauliflower. In the differential diagnosis of the disease, one should remember about papillomas of the oral mucosa and other neoplasms.
Treatment of warts in children, adolescents and adults
It has been found that in two-thirds of cases, warts, especially in children, can spontaneously resolve within 2 years. The decision on the method of treatment depends on the age, state of health, level of motivation of the patient.
For several warts in an immunocompetent person, the prognosis is favorable, and therapy that can lead to scarring is excluded.
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Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen, 25% podophyllin applications can be used for treatment; prescribe collomak, tebrofen, bonafton and colhamic ointments, ferezol. Antiviral ointments (tebrofen, oxomene, florenal, bonareton and others) are locally prescribed 5—7 times a day on the oral mucosa.
In the presence of warts on the mucous membrane of the nose, genital organs and on the skin, the treatment should be comprehensive.
If treatment is ineffective, then cryodestruction or surgical removal of warts is indicated. Antiviral treatment must be carried out before and after surgery. The use of antiviral ointments and destructive therapies is combined with oral hygiene and daily thorough oral care.
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