Diet therapy is one of the most important components of the complex therapy of obesity in patients with diabetes mellitus. The attending endocrinologist should make up a diet for such a patient, taking into account all the individual characteristics of each patient. For people with diabetes, starvation diets, or those diets that completely exclude the consumption of any components of the diet, are unacceptable. When compiling a diet for the treatment of obesity in patients with diabetes, it is necessary, first of all, to understand what foods, in what quantity and why the human body needs. Without this understanding, a successful result of diet therapy cannot be achieved.
Carbohydrates – peculiarities of consumption in case of obesity against the background of diabetes mellitus
Carbohydrates are by far the most important source of energy for humans. They make up the largest part of the daily diet, about 60% of all food consumed. Theoretically, the consumption of carbohydrates can be completely replaced by fats and proteins, & nbsp; but carbohydrate-free diets have a very negative effect on the general condition of the body: the absence of carbohydrates stimulates & nbsp; rapid loss of water and sodium, which already happens in the body of a person with diabetes. Therefore, carbohydrates must be present in the diet of such a patient. After the digestion of the consumed carbohydrates, their products: glucose, galactose and fructose, quickly enter the tissues and organs with the blood flow, where they are oxidized and give the body the most necessary for its existence – energy. For one day, the human brain and spinal cord needs about 140 g of glucose, red blood cells – back in 40
Fats – peculiarities of consumption in case of obesity against the background of diabetes mellitus
Fats are the most energy-intensive component of the diet. A person can get fats from products of both animal and vegetable origin. From plant foods, fats are found in nuts, some seeds, and such a healthy product as avocados. Fats can be found in almost all animal products, even the leanest meat will have a fat content of at least 10%. Some types of fatty acids are produced by the human body itself, but linoleic and linolenic acids are absolutely necessary for the normal functioning of the body, and at the same time they can only enter it from the outside. That is why the consumption of fats, in particular animal origin, is so necessary for patients with diabetes.
Squirrels – peculiarities of consumption in case of obesity against the background of diabetes mellitus
Protein is a source of amino acids necessary for the body, which are not synthesized in the human body. The main such amino acids are lysine and threonine. A person receives protein from meat, fish, dairy products, cereals and bread. Normal proteins should make up about 10-15% of the total calorie intake. With obesity on the background of diabetes & nbsp; an important point is to maintain a balance between the amount of protein consumed and their decay products, which are excreted from the body with feces and urine. The main such product of protein breakdown is nitrogen.
Features of the diet for the treatment of obesity in patients with diabetes
A low-calorie diet is recommended for the treatment of obesity associated with diabetes mellitus. The minimum daily calorie content of food required by the body for normal functioning is 1500 kcal. for men and 1200 kcal. for women. Patients with obesity need to adjust the diet gradually, bringing the calorie content of the diet to the minimum required for 4-5 weeks. The nutrition of patients with obesity should be frequent, 5-6 meals per day, and the main volume should be consumed in the first half of the day, and no more than 20% of the total should remain for dinner. daily amount of food. For patients with diabetes, it is important to exclude fast, easily digestible carbohydrates, replacing them with hard-to-digest ones. Thus, the transformation of carbohydrates into adipose tissue will be minimized.& nbsp; Fat intake should also be brought up to 10% per day, giving preference to vegetable fats. Thus, the combination of a well-calculated diet and exercise will help patients with diabetes to cure obesity.
Add a comment