When dizziness (vertigo) occurs, there is a feeling of a violation of the orientation of the body in space. There are more than 80 reasons that cause such a disorder, and due to the fact that some of them are combined, it is quite difficult to find out exactly why the head is spinning. Often this phenomenon is associated with hunger, motion sickness or fatigue, but sometimes the causes of dizziness are much more serious and may indicate the presence of serious diseases.
This disorder is divided into two groups:
central vertigo, which occurs due to disorders and diseases of the brain. For example, tumors, hemorrhages, injuries;
Peripheral vertigo may occur due to exposure to damage to the inner ear or vestibular nerve.
In addition, systematic and non-systematic dizziness will be distinguished:
Systematic - can occur when one of the systems responsible for orientation in space (muscular, vestibular, visual) has failed. In this case, careful diagnosis and comprehensive treatment are required.
Non-systematic - caused by neurogenic causes (overwork, stress) and lack of glucose during low-carbohydrate diets and fasting.
Types of dizziness in various diseases
Stroke When a cerebral hemorrhage occurs, dizziness lasts for a long time, with double vision, severe weakness is felt, coordination in space and speech are disturbed.
Brain tumors. The attack builds up gradually, and its intensification occurs at certain positions of the body, the head may hurt and one-sided deafness may occur.
Meniere's disease. There are frequent and severe dizziness, they are joined by nausea and vomiting, as well as tinnitus and hearing loss.
Basilar migraine. Vertigo begins an hour before the attack, along with it various neurological symptoms appear, tinnitus, darkening in the eyes. There is also a feeling of nausea and vomiting.
Cervical osteochondrosis. Increased dizziness in the presence of such a disease occurs during movement, especially if sharp turns and head lifts are made. In addition, people suffering from cervical osteochondrosis have unsteady gait and disorientation in space.
Perilymphatic fistula. Along with dizziness comes tinnitus, nausea and vomiting.
Inflammation of the inner ear. Discharge from the ear appears, hearing decreases.
Vestibular neuritis. Vertigo is aggravated by standing up quickly or turning your head. This disease begins quite abruptly, after 2-3 days the patient's state of health improves, but the illusion of movement persists after accelerations.
Injury to the head or spine. There is weakness and nausea.
Taking antibiotics and other medications. Dizziness can occur as a side effect of medications, which is often indicated in the instructions for the drug. If the reason for the deterioration of well-being is taking a certain medication, you should either reduce the dose or stop taking it altogether.
Benign positional vertigo. Strengthening the attack is provoked by a change in body position. In order to confirm the presence of such a disease, the patient is offered to undergo a special test.
In women, dizziness can occur during critical days and menopause. The causes of dizziness in this case are an increase in hormone levels or anemia. When the female body loses more hemoglobin than it has time to produce. In addition, nausea and vertigo may indicate pregnancy.
During the menopause, there are sharp jumps in blood pressure and an increase in the excitability of the autonomic system, which are often accompanied by dizziness.
In old age, severe dizziness is provoked by degenerative changes in the vessels, cranial nerves, vestibular system, cerebellum, stem apparatus and subcortical nuclei of the brain brain.
How to give first aid for dizziness
A person who is very dizzy should be helped to lie down and ensure that fresh air enters the room. You can also give to drink 8-10 drops of a 0.1% solution of atropine. To relieve the nervous tension that often accompanies such a condition, tranquilizers are recommended.
For the most effective treatment, it is necessary to know the exact diagnosis, which can be made after the patient has been examined by specialists such as a general practitioner, endocrinologist, otolaryngologist and neurologist and the cause of dizziness has been clarified.
Source estet-portal.com
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