Today, botulinum neurotoxin is widely used as a drug for the purpose of aesthetic correction. Parenteral application of botulinum toxin for therapeutic purposes leads to muscle relaxation or a decrease in the secretion of glands in the injection area; clinical effects appear within 2-5 days and persist for several months. Only 2 botulinum toxin serotypes – A and B – have been approved for clinical use in the USA by FDA.
Read about the features of the use of botulinum toxin in men at estet-portal.com
- Body susceptibility to botulinum toxin
- Technical features of the use of botulinum toxin in men
- Wrinkle pattern and anatomy when using botulotoxin in men
Body susceptibility to botulinum toxin
Disialogangliosides (GD1b) and trisialogangliosides (GT1b) have an affinity (affinity) for the botulinum toxin binding domain structure within a nanometer and establish an initial fixation on the neuronal membrane.
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Botulinum toxin serotypes -A, -B, -C and -F bind GT1b, GD1b and GD1a, serotype E binds GT1b and GD1a, serotype D – phosphatidylethanolamine, and serotype G recognizes all gangliosides. Thus, each person is potentially susceptible to botulinum toxin due to the phylogenetically determined presence of specific receptors that are part of the structure of the receptor "fields" surfaces of peripheral nerve terminals.
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According to practicing dermatovenereologists involved in cosmetology, about 5% of clients are men, and this figure is constantly growing. The reasons for the disproportion are largely related to the different attitudes of men and women to their appearance, and in particular to the signs of aging — wrinkles. Similar statistics are noted for the use of botulinum toxin type A (BT-A) among men and women for the elimination of hyperkinetic wrinkles.
Technical features of the use of botulinum toxin in men
A common practice for wrinkle correction for men is to increase the dose by 30%. The use of large doses of botulinum toxin causes justified concern among cosmetologists, however, in a 2007 study in which 98 women and 13 men demonstrated the efficacy and safety of a higher dose botulinum toxin preparation for the correction of dynamic wrinkles in men.
It is also necessary to orient the male patient for the second stage of the procedure in 2 weeks. The fact is that the muscles of a man differ from the muscles of a woman in a number of ways. According to the instructions for the administration of the drug, the dose of BT-A used for men is 30% higher than for women. As practice shows, in most cases this dosage is not enough.
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Therefore, a correction (re-injection) after 14 days is required to achieve a good result. If the patient understands the doctor correctly, then he will definitely come in 2 weeks for a follow-up examination. If he has a business trip or some plans that indicate the impossibility of visiting for a follow-up examination in 2 weeks, then the control should be postponed to a later date.
Wrinkle pattern and anatomy when using botulinum toxin in men
Men have pronounced brow ridges, which serve as an anatomical landmark for the location of the brows, while women have eyebrows that lie just above the brow ridges. The male chin is wider and larger, protrudes forward, and the mandibular ramus has a noticeable curve.
When using botulinum toxin in men, it is important to assess not only the skeleton, muscles, but also the structural features of the vessels of the face and skin.
Doppler study of facial skin vessels of men and women revealed that the flow perfusion rate in men is higher, which can be explained by a large number of microvessels on the face associated with the presence of coarse hair. Thus, more intense blood supply to the facial skin in men, may contribute to an increase in the number of hemorrhagic complications after injection procedures.
Read also: Botulinum toxin injections for beautification of the middle third of the face
It is also important to determine the nature of wrinkles: mimic muscles formed during physical activity (smiling, frowning, raising eyebrows, etc.), or already formed static, i.e. visible at rest. Static wrinkles are a defect of the dermis and at their 3rd or 4th degree, additional injection of fillers — preparations of stabilized hyaluronic acid. If the patient has 5, 6 or 7th degree of static wrinkles, then without combining two methods (BT-A and filler), it is impossible to obtain a satisfactory effect. It is advisable to inform the patient about the possible results of the treatment.
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The ineffectiveness of botulinum therapy is defined as the lack of satisfaction of the patient (subjective assessment) or the doctor (objective assessment) with the therapeutic effect of the drug.
Failure can be transient, when one course of treatment is ineffective, and subsequent ones are effective, or permanent, when neither the first nor repeated injections achieve the desired clinical result. Partial (individual therapeutic goals are not achieved) or complete (neither therapeutic nor side effects are noted) ineffectiveness is also possible.
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