Scars on the skin are an annoying defect that reminds of past injuries or illnesses, causing a lot of inconvenience to a patient with such a problem, because the scars look rather unaesthetic, which affects the emotional state of a person who can acutely experience the presence of such shortcomings on his body. But it is completely possible to get rid of such shortcomings, because innovative therapies in the treatment of scars are created in order to eliminate them with laziness. Estet-portal invites you to get acquainted with the most effective methods of scar therapy.
Scars are formed as a result of the physiological process of wound healing and may result from any damage to the deeper layers of the skin. Genetic predisposition, structural specificity, prolonged inflammation and untimely epithelialization increase the risk of excessive or atrophic scarring. To date, there are several effective methods of scar therapy:
5-fluorouracil
5-fluorouracil is a pyrimidine analogue that is used as a metabolic inhibitor in cancer chemotherapy. 5-fluorouracil is activated intracellularly and increases fibroblast apoptosis by inhibiting DNA synthesis, predominantly in rapidly proliferating and metabolizing cells. 5-fluorouracil is effective in the treatment of keloids. Side effects: pain, ulcers and burning sensations. It is recommended to conduct a blood test for anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. 5-fluorouracil is contraindicated in pregnant women and in patients with bone marrow suppression. Intralesional 5-fluorouracil is also used to treat inflamed hypertrophic scars and is equally effective and safe.
Bleomycin
Bleomycin sulfate, another antineoplastic agent, was invented to reduce collagen synthesis through reduced exposure to transforming growth factor β1, first used to reduce scarring in the mid-1990s. After administration of 3 to 5 intralesional injections of bleomycin within a month, 69.4% of keloids completely regressed. Similar improvements were observed in hypertrophic scars, as well as a marked decrease in the height and flexibility of keloids and a decrease in pain, itching and redness of the skin. In some cases, depigmentation and skin atrophy may occur. Since the drug is toxic, although it rarely manifests itself, doctors advise being careful in its use. Bleomycin in the future may give very good results in the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids.
Interferon injections
Interferon treatment may be potentially successful in treating abnormal scarring, as it tends to reduce the synthesis of collagen types I and III. Interferon-α2b is believed to have antiproliferative properties and may improve the pathological properties of dermal fibrosis directly as well as by counteracting TGF-β and histamine. Administration of IFN-α2b to patients with severe burns improved the overall appearance of hypertrophic scars as measured by the Vancouver Scar Deformity Scale. IFN-α2b was more effective than corticosteroids injected into the affected tissue. Unfortunately, interferon treatment often causes side effects such as cold symptoms and pain at the injection site. Interferon is quite expensive, but shows great promise in the treatment of excessive scarring.
Botulinum toxin A injected into diseased tissue
Experiments are still being made with this drug injected into diseased tissue, however, it is too early to speak of any definite results.
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Wolfgang Redka-Svoboda, MD, surgeon, international speaker, medical director of TEOXANA Germany (Germany) presented a report and a master class on the topic "Evolution of hyaluronic filler injection techniques - from wrinkle-line corrections to global facial reconstruction .Detailed anatomy of the fat compartments, separating septa and the musculoaponeurotic system for optimal correction results.
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