There are quite a lot of diseases that, when manifested, spoil the appearance of a person. This contributes to earlier treatment of patients to specialists. After all, who wants to be not only sick, but also with rashes or spots all over their body?

After applying, the patient wants to see the result as soon as possible, that is, to get rid of strange elements on the skin as soon as possible. One such disease is skin vasculitis. There are many types of vasculitis. Each clinical form of vasculitis is treated with different groups of drugs and their combinations.

How to correctly and quickly diagnose a patient? How to prescribe adequate treatment? Consider aspects of the treatment of skin vasculitis, depending on the identified clinical form.

Main causes of vasculitis

Angiitis (vasculitis) of the skin is a dermatosis, which is based on non-specific inflammation of the walls of blood vessels. Hypodermal and dermal vessels of different caliber become inflamed. The causes most often include a local infection caused by staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci, tubercle bacillus, influenza virus, yeast and other fungi.

The positive results of intradermal tests with the corresponding antigens speak about the effect of sensitization on the walls of blood vessels. Other causes of vasculitis include taking antibiotics and sulfonamides.

An important role in the development of the process belongs to chronic intoxication, metabolic disorders, endocrinopathies, repeated cooling, photosensitization, venous congestion, arterial hypertension, mental and physical overstrain.

Vasculitis is often a skin manifestation of various infections, both acute and chronic. These are influenza, leprosy, syphilis, tuberculosis, yersiniosis, connective tissue diseases (rheumatism, SLE, rheumatoid arthritis), blood pathologies, oncological processes and cryoglobulinemia.

General symptoms of clinical forms of vasculitis

Manifestations of the disease are quite varied in patients, but there are a number of common symptoms of vasculitis:

  • there are inflammatory skin changes;
  • elements of rashes are prone to necrosis, edema and hemorrhages;
  • the lesions on the trunk are symmetrical;
  • spills are polymorphic;
  • often the elements of rashes are localized on the lower extremities (on the shins);
  • there is a frequent association with a previous infectious disease or drug intolerance;
  • presence of systemic diseases - allergic, rheumatic, autoimmune.

Briefly about histopathology

The pathohistology of cutaneous angiitis is very similar. There is swelling of the inner wall of the blood vessels, the vascular walls are infiltrated by leukocyte cells (lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, histiocytes, lymphocytes). There is leukocytoclasia (fragments of leukocyte nuclei among the cells of the infiltrate), the walls of the vessels are impregnated with fibrinoid. In the tissue, erythrocyte extravasates, segmental necrosis of the vascular wall.

Diagnosis of vasculitis is not particularly difficult. A clinical examination and collection of basic anamnestic data is sufficient. To confirm the diagnosis of vasculitis, its clinical form and degree of activity, pathohistological studies are used.

Aspects of the treatment of clinical forms of vasculitis

Treatment is carried out depending on the type of angiitis and severity.

Combinations of groups of drugs for different forms of the disease

1. Angiitis polymorphic dermal

1. activity level:

  • NSAIDs (indomethacin, nimesulide, ketoprofen, diclofenac);
  • antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, josamycin, doxycycline, - quinolines (chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine);
  • antihistamines (chlorpyramine, clemastine);
  • vitamins (ascorutin).

2. activity level:

  • NSAIDs;
  • glucocorticosteroids (prednisilone, betamethasone);
  • cytostatics (cyclophosphamide);
  • antibiotics (oletethrin, metacycline, cephaloridine);
  • antihistamines (ebastine, diphenhydramine);
  • anticoagulants (calcium nadroparin);
  • detoxification preparations (Reamberin).

2. Chronic pigmentary purpura.

quinolines (chloroquine, calcium gluconate, anavenol),
aminocaproic acid.

3. Livedoangiitis

1 activity level:

  • NSAIDs (ibuprofen),
  • quinolines (hydroxychloroquine),
  • peripheral hemokinators (pentoxifylline, anavenol),
  • vitamins (aevit).

2 activity level:

  • glucocorticosteroids;
  • cytostatics;
  • peripheral hemokinators;
  • anticoagulants;
  • detoxification preparations;
  • hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

4. Erythema nodosum

(subacute, chronic) - iodine alkalis.

5. Angiitis nodosum

– quinolines.

6. Ulcerative chronic

  • NSAIDs;
  • diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide);
  • antibiotics;
  • vitamins;
  • glucocorticosteroids;
  • iodine alkalis (potassium iodide);
  • NSAIDs;
  • vitamins.

Vasculitis prevention

When the clinical symptoms of vasculitis disappear, treatment should not be completed. It must be continued until the indicators are completely normalized. Within 1 year, it is advisable to leave patients on maintenance treatment with angioprotectors, drugs that improve microcirculation and rheological properties of blood. We also need drugs for the vascular wall, antiplatelet agents, peripheral hemokinators or adaptogens.

Patients with vasculitis should know the factors that contribute to the occurrence of exacerbation - increased physical and nervous stress, long walking, bruises, hypothermia. In some cases, patients change jobs or become temporarily disabled.

Patients need to be told about the positive impact of a healthy lifestyle. After all, morning exercises, water procedures, hardening, walks in the fresh air, balanced regular meals, swimming and good sleep have never given reason to doubt their effectiveness for recovery.

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