Oral contraceptives are by far one of the most effective and widely used methods of contraception. Women in the conditions of modern life need the most effective, always accessible and simple method of contraception. Oral contraceptives are mainly chosen by women who have a stable sex life with one regular partner, since oral contraceptives do not protect against sexually transmitted infections. However, in order to avoid side effects of hormonal drugs, all strict indications and contraindications for oral contraceptives must be taken into account.
Main indications for prescribing oral contraceptives
Oral contraceptives may be prescribed:
- women of any age category;
- nulliparous women and women with any number of pregnancies and childbirth in gynecological history;
- women in the postpartum period, taking into account the lack of lactation;
- women in the post-abortion period;
- women with any menstrual disorders, including algomenorrhea;
- women with premenstrual syndrome;
- women with anemia;
- women with a history of ectopic pregnancy.
Absolute contraindications to the prescription of oral contraceptives
At the same time, there are strict contraindications to the prescription of oral contraceptives, which must be taken into account by every practicing gynecologist when prescribing a hormonal drug to a woman. Oral contraceptives should not be prescribed in the following situations:
- in the presence of thromboembolic diseases, which is explained by the effect of oral contraceptives on the coagulation properties of blood;
- if a woman is suspected of a possible pregnancy;
- women in the postpartum period with preserved lactation;
- in case of postpartum lesions with the saved drug, each practitioner should take into account the general symptoms of postpartum lesions with the saved drug, it should be taken into account by each practitioner in general postpartum lesions with the saved drug, it should be taken into account by each practitioner in general there are brain vessels;
- with established diagnosis of malignant neoplasms of the genital organs or breast;
- for any liver dysfunction;
- in the presence of intermenstrual bleeding of unexplained etiology;
- women with severe hypertension, or with a history of heart attacks and strokes;
- women with complicated diabetes mellitus;
- women with a tendency to migraine and manifestations of focal neurological symptoms;
- women who smoke;
- women over the age of 35;
- disorganized women who may forget to take oral contraceptives.
Required investigations before prescribing oral contraceptives
Before prescribing an oral contraceptive to a woman, it is necessary to conduct a set of studies to clarify the individual characteristics of the functioning of the woman's body. Only taking into account all these features, it is possible for a woman to choose the most suitable hormonal contraceptive specifically for her. First of all, it is necessary to conduct a thorough history taking, to clarify all concomitant and previously transferred diseases, including gynecological ones, to find out which method of contraception the woman used before. Next, the patient is examined, in particular her skin. It is necessary to identify signs indicating hormonal disorders: hyperandrogenism, telangiectasia, and so on. Measurement of body weight and blood pressure on both upper limbs, examination and palpation of the mammary glands are carried out. Further laboratory blood tests are recommended: general analysis, liver tests, blood glucose and coagulogram. The final moment in the selection of hormonal drugs is the study of the hormonal profile of a woman. Only taking into account all of the above points, it is possible to choose the right hormonal contraceptive for a woman and avoid possible side effects.
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