The mechanism of development and symptoms of menopause in women

Menopause in women occurs at the age of 45-55 years. Menopause that occurs before the age of 40 is called premature, after 55 years – belated. Later preservation of menstruation may be due to uterine fibroids or its malignant tumors. The onset of menopause in women is manifested by anovulatory cycles.

The following periods are conditionally distinguished: premenopause (first phase) – the period of the beginning of changes in the menstrual cycle. Biphasic cycles become single-phase, anovulatory. Lasts 1-6 years. Ends with menopause. For most women, this process occurs as a natural age-related change and does not cause concern. In 40% of women menopause acquires pathological features.

Mechanism of development and symptoms of menopause in women

Pathological changes in the onset of menopause in women occur as a result of a progressive decrease in the production of sex hormones in the body. U  women there is a state of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Dopaminergic decreases and noradrenergic stimulation of the hypothalamus increases, resulting in the occurrence of psycho-emotional and vasomotor disorders, the occurrence of autonomic crises.

Menopause in women is manifested by a decrease in estrogen saturation of the body, which leads to degeneration of the muscles of the pelvic floor, bladder, ligaments, atrophy of the urethral epithelium. Occurs urinary incontinence, impaired urination, possible urethritis, vaginal walls descend. Due to a decrease in estrogen, the synthesis of steroid-binding & nbsp; globulin in the liver. There is a relative predominance of androgens. A woman acquires masculine appearance, obesity with predominant fat deposition on the abdomen.

The troubles that a woman feels when menopause occurs

The most common symptoms of menopausal syndrome are hot flashes. They can be observed from several to 60 per day.

Suddenly, a feeling of heat begins in the whole body, mainly the face and upper half of the body, redness of the skin, sweating, palpitations, dizziness, sometimes hand tremor. Hot flashes occur suddenly, sometimes they are preceded by physical, often emotional stress. Sweating worse at night.

Urogenital disorders are very unpleasant for a woman. There is nocturnal pollakiuria with frequent urge to urinate and a small amount of urine, reports estet-portal.com. Especially unpleasant in menopause in women is stress urinary incontinence; involuntary urination occurs when coughing, laughing, sudden movements, lifting weights.

Menopausal cardiopathy, dyshormonal myocardiopathy of the menopause are manifested by pain in the heart, arrhythmias with neurological symptoms. Pain attacks coincide with hot flashes.

Osteoporosis is an indispensable companion of menopause in women. Osteorthropathy develops with joint pain and difficulty walking.

The symptoms that occur during the pathological menopause in women are divided into three groups:

• Early ones are neuropsychiatric disorders, vasomotor symptoms.
• Middle-term - urogenital disorders: dryness and itching of the vagina, pain during sexual intercourse, urethritis, urinary incontinence, cystalgia;
• Late - osteoporosis and cardio – vascular disorders.

The main directions of treatment for menopause in women

It is necessary to organize proper nutrition and physical activity. Food should be rich in calcium. Patients should be warned against the abuse of coffee, alcohol, smoking, which significantly impair mineral metabolism.

Since the main cause of menopausal disorders is the increasing deficiency of estrogens and progestins, hormone replacement therapy is used in the treatment. It is advisable to prescribe it in the second phase of menopause, within 5 – 7 years old.

Moderate physical activity is necessary in the treatment of menopause in women. This helps to strengthen bones and prevent fractures. Syndromes of neuroticism and dramatization of one's own state can be reduced by rational psychotherapy, the use of plant-based sedatives.

Antidepressants, tranquilizers, homotoxicological drugs are also used. Hot flashes, symptoms of autonomic instability during menopause in women   decrease from the use of drugs containing b-alanine, glycine.