The term "eczema" began to be used as early as two centuries BC, denoting any inflammatory skin lesion, which was accompanied by redness and a rash. Only at the beginning of the 19th century, the disease was identified as a separate nosological unit. There are several main forms of eczema depending on its etiology. Of greatest interest is idiopathic eczema, the causes of which are not fully understood. About the features of the clinical course of true eczema, its main forms, as well as the main methods of treatment, read on estet-portal.com in this article.
Main clinical features of true eczema
Idiopathic or true eczema can affect people of any age. In the acute period of the disease, the appearance of edematous erythema, as well as microvesicles, which dry out over time, form crusts, is characteristic. The chronic stage of true eczema is characterized by peeling and thickening of the skin due to its infiltration. The main symptom of eczema – it is an incredible itch, which becomes especially pronounced in the acute period of the disease.
For true eczema, the phenomenon of false (evolutionary) polymorphism is characteristic, since along with the already formed rashes, new elements of the rash appear.
The clinical picture of eczema depends on the clinical form of the disease, among which are:
• pruriginous;
• tylotic;
• dyshidrotic form of true eczema.
Each form has its own characteristics that must be considered for effective treatment of true eczema.
True eczema:
• clinical picture and diagnosis of pruriginous and tylotic forms of true eczema;
• the main features of the course of the dyshidrotic form of true eczema;
• main features of the treatment of true eczema
Clinical presentation of pruriginous and tylotic forms of true eczema
For the pruriginous form of eczema, the location of lesions in the face, as well as on the extensor surfaces of the limbs, is characteristic. This form of the disease has a progressive chronic course, as a result of which the skin in the affected area becomes dense, pigmented and coarsens. The tylotic form of eczema most commonly affects the palms and soles. In this case, pronounced hyperkeratosis occurs with the appearance of painful cracks, as a result of which the risk of infection increases. For this form of true eczema, the formation of vesicles is not typical.
The main features of the course of the dyshidrotic form of true eczema
It was previously believed that dyshidrotic eczema occurs due to malfunction, blockage of the sweat glands, however, it has been proven that in patients with this disease they function absolutely normally. Dyshidrotic eczema is most often characterized by damage to the palms, fingers and feet. With this form of the disease, fairly dense vesicles are formed that dot the entire affected area. In the future, small erosions are formed from them, which, merging, can form cracks. This form of eczema requires special attention because the lesions are the most likely to become infected.
Main features of the treatment of true eczema
Treatment of eczema requires a strictly individual approach. The first thing to start with is the therapy of the disease – This is with the appointment of a dietary regimen. Exclusion from the diet of eggs, citrus fruits, fatty and spicy foods sometimes allows you to achieve a persistent relapse of the disease. Antihistamines and topical therapy are also used.
Severe forms of eczema require systemic glucocorticoids.
Topical treatment of eczema depends on the area and location of the lesion. The use of preparations that have astringent properties, such as tannin, is recommended. In the acute period & nbsp; diseases, its use allows you to protect the site of inflammation, which contributes to faster healing. In the future, topical agents based on corticosteroids are prescribed. For persistent eczema, topical immunosuppressive agents, namely calcineurin inhibitors, are used. For the successful treatment of eczema, the most important thing is to find an individual approach to each patient, to identify the strengths and weaknesses of his body, and only then begin treatment.
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