Competent facial contouring gives amazing results. The introduction of micro-implants, better known as fillers, into the zones of hypotrophic areas of the skin makes the face expressive, gives it freshness and youthfulness.
However, the rapid development of injectable cosmetology is necessarily associated with some difficulties, in particular, the choice of an implant and its biocompatibility. In this article on estet-portal.com we will consider the classification of microimplants, their main advantages and disadvantages.
Biocompatibility of implants used in facial contouring
All materials used for facial contouring are relatively biocompatible. However, the introduction of a foreign body is always associated with the risk of its rejection. Regardless of the origin of the implant, the physician must take into account the possibility of developing hyperergic reactions, as well as other adverse events, which are described in detail below.
No matter how high the expected biocompatibility of the implant is, the possibility of developing a hyperergic reaction must be taken into account.
Materials with high biocompatibility undergo controlled biodegradation over time. At the same time, the products formed as a result of this process should not be toxic. They are gradually replaced by natural tissues.
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Aspects of the use of inorganic implants in facial contouring
Microimplants, which are used for facial contouring, are divided into inorganic and biological materials.
Inorganic implants include permanent synthetic polymers, in particular preparations based on siloxane oligomer (liquid silicone) and PAAG (polyacrylamide gel).
The advantages of preparations made on the basis of siloxane oligomer are bioinertness and permanent stability of shape and volume, due to which a strong fibrous framework is formed.
However, today the use of liquid silicone is prohibited in many countries, as it is associated with a large number of complications, in particular with the development of siliconeoma. In addition, in some cases, disaggregation of silicone with possible particle migration can be observed, which is also a significant drawback of this material.
Read also: Non-surgical contouring: effectively combining techniques
Use of polyacrylamide gel for facial contouring
PAAG – jelly-like substance intended for deep subcutaneous administration. A feature of this material is thixotropy – the ability to restore its structure after physical impact.
PAAG is able to create the effect of an extracellular matrix, its main advantages are bioinertness, stability of the volume and shape of the material, as well as the absence of migration.
Biodegradation of PAAG is accompanied by the formation of toxic substances, including acrylamide. The safe volume of PAAG for facial contouring is no more than 5 ml.
It should be emphasized that when using inorganic implants, the duration of the effect is from 5 years and can last for life.
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Facial contouring: advantages and disadvantages of biological implants
There are several varieties of biological implants. These should include:
1. Auto-implants: the patient's own adipose tissue serves as the material for manufacturing. The advantage of autoimplants is high biocompatibility, and the disadvantage of – rapid biodegradation and the need for re-introduction after a while.
2. Alloimplants: autologous intact skin structures serve as material for manufacturing: epitheliocytes, collagen, elastin fibers, proteoglycans;
3. Heteroimplants: are divided into non-resorbable and resorbable materials.
Non-resorbable implants – it is a suspension of synthetic microparticles (organic, such as hyaluronic acid or collagen, or synthetic, such as polyacrylamide) in liquid media. The latter are carriers of microparticles and gradually dissolve, leaving them at the injection site.
Among the resorbable implants, groups should be distinguished:
1. Implants based on hyaluronic acid: animal and non-animal origin;
2. Implants based on collagen;
3. Polylactic acid implants;
4. Implants based on calcium hydroxyapatite.
The undoubted advantages of heteroimplants based on hyaluronic acid are their high biocompatibility, safety and the ability to compensate for intradermal and subcutaneous deficiencies.
The undoubted advantages of heteroimplants based on hyaluronic acid are their high biocompatibility and safety of use.
At the same time, the possibility of migration and contouring of the gel should be attributed to the disadvantages of such materials, but such phenomena are quite rare.
Thank you for staying with estet-portal.com. Read other interesting articles in the "Cosmetology" section. You might also be interested in: Specialists' Choice: Why Doctors Prefer Hyaluronic Acid Fillers.
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