Dermatological symptoms sometimes precede or accompany diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
Perhaps this is due to the fact that the embryonic origin of the gastrointestinal tract and the skin are closely related. So, for example, such a serious disease as cirrhosis of the liver is reflected on the skin by the appearance of telangiectasias, palmar erythema and specific changes in the nails in the form of "fringe", when the proximal part of the nail becomes white and the distal is pink.
On estet-portal.com, read about dermatological symptoms of digestive disorders to suspect these disorders by looking at the patient's skin.
- Lack of nutrition is reflected in the skin
- How the skin reacts to metabolic disorders
- Dermatological symptoms of inflammatory bowel diseaseska
Lack of nutrition is reflected in the skin
Malnutrition associated with a lack of fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins is often accompanied by skin lesions.
Fat soluble vitamins:
- Vitamin A deficiency causes phrynoderma, i.e. the appearance of keratotic follicular papules on the anterolateral parts of the thighs and posterolateral areas of the shoulders.
- Vitamin K deficiency affects coagulation leading to bleeding, purpura and bruising.
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Water soluble vitamins:
1. Acute vitamin B2 deficiency leads to:
- deep red erythema;
- stomatitis;
- epidermal necrolysis.
2. Chronic vitamin B2 deficiency causes:
- angular cheilitis;
- seborrheic dermatitis.
3. Vitamin B6 deficiency causes:
- seborrheic dermatitis-like rash;
- glossy;
- angular cheilitis.
Acrodermatitis enteropathica – autosomal recessive hereditary form of zinc deficiency, manifesting in infancy, which is represented by the clinical triad of dermatitis, alopecia and diarrhea.
4. Vitamin B9 / B12 deficiency is associated with:
- hair depigmentation;
- hyperpigmentation (diffuse and symmetrical pigmentation on the hands, nails, face, palm creases, creases and pressure points).
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5. Biotin deficiency leads to:
How the skin reacts to metabolic disorders
1. Eruptive xanthomas are caused by fat accumulation in skin macrophage cells and are associated with hypertriglyceridemia often associated with diabetes mellitus.
Eruptive xanthomas
2. Dermatitis herpetiformis occurs in the presence of gluten-sensitive enteropathy (celiac disease) with duodenal atrophy.
Skin signs of dermatitis herpetiformis include:
- Severely itchy blister herpetiformis on erythematous areas;
- Extended erythematous, crusted, clustered papules;
- Symmetrical distribution of elements on the extensor surfaces of the elbows, knees, shoulders and buttocks.
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Dermatitis herpetiformis
3. Acanthosis nigricans associated with insulin resistance.
- Characterized by hyperpigmented, velvety, hyperkeratotic plaques;
- They affect the axillary, inguinal, cervical folds, umbilical and anogenital areas;
- Gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas may be the cause of acanthosis nigricans.
Dermatological symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease
1. Inflammatory bowel diseases include ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Both diseases are often accompanied by aphthous ulcers and erythema nodosum.
Aphthous ulcers
2. Pyoderma gangrenosum affects 0.7% of patients with Crohn's disease and 2% of patients with ulcerative colitis. Manifested by ulcers with uneven, undermined or overhanging necrotic edges. Usually affects the lower extremities, but can occur anywhere.
Erythema nodosum
Fissures and fistulas are common in Crohn's disease (36%) and do not occur in ulcerative colitis.
3. Mucosal edema affects 8-9% of patients with Crohn's disease and is absent in ulcerative colitis.
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4. Epidermolysis bullosa – is a rare immune disorder sometimes associated with Crohn's disease.
5. Polyarteritis nodosa is a rare form of necrotizing, small to medium-sized vasculitis and is associated with inflammatory bowel disease in 10% of cases.
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