Overactive bladder is a pathology that can significantly impair the quality of life for both women and men. With age, the prevalence of this condition in the population increases.
Among those with overactive bladder syndrome, urinary incontinence occurs in 27% of women and 11% of men.
For more information about approaches to the treatment of overactive bladder, which are based on international protocols and meet the postulates of evidence-based medicine, read on estet-portal.com in this article.
Overactive bladder in women: nutrition and physiotherapy
Women with an overactive bladder should be advised to make lifestyle changes to avoid coffee, tea, caffeine, alcohol and carbonated drinks.
Physiotherapy treatments for overactive bladder include specific exercises and detrusor electrical stimulation.
It has been proven that doing exercises aimed at strengthening the muscles of the pelvic floor – effective in relieving symptoms in women with overactive bladder.
The physician should recommend pelvic floor strengthening exercises for women with overactive bladder and provide written instructions for doing them.
Electrical stimulation has also been shown to be effective in suppressing detrusor muscle contractions.
Modern principles of treatment of overactive bladder in women
International guidelines also recommend anticholinergics (Evidence A).
These include:
1. Trospium chloride;
2. Oxybutin;
3. Tolterodine.
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There is no significant difference between the various anticholinergics in terms of clinical efficacy. Trospium chloride has fewer nervous system side effects than oxybutynin or tolterodine.
Taking anticholinergic drugs in the evening increases their tolerance.
The clinical efficacy of anticholinergic drugs should be assessed no earlier than after 2 months.
International protocols for the treatment of overactive bladder also recommend the use of a beta-2-adrenergic agonist – Mirabegron at a dose of 50 mg 1 r / day. The drug should be used only in those patients who do not have impaired liver and kidney function.
High blood pressure and tachycardia are potential side effects of Mirabegron.
The presence of arterial hypertension, when blood pressure values exceed 180/110 mmHg, is a contraindication to the appointment of Mirabegron.
You may also be interested in: Urinary incontinence in women: why it happens
Overactive bladder in men: features of the therapeutic approach
The treatment of overactive bladder in men follows the same principles as in women. But it is worth considering some clinical aspects.
In middle-aged and elderly men, the problem of prostate hyperplasia is common. The use of alpha-blocker drugs in combination with anticholinergics in such patients has a better effect on symptoms than the use of each of these drugs separately.
Read also: What symptoms indicate prostate adenoma
Surgical interventions are not used in an overactive bladder. In most cases, this disorder can be controlled fairly well with medical treatments.
Prospects of botulinum therapy in the treatment of overactive bladder
In cases where the use of drugs is not clinically effective, international protocols recommend the use of botulinum therapy. Injection of botulinum toxin into the bladder wall often leads to remarkable therapeutic results in patients with overactive bladder.
Injection of botulinum toxin into the bladder wall often leads to remarkable therapeutic results in patients with overactive bladder.
The botulinum therapy procedure can be performed on an outpatient basis. Lidocaine solution is used for local anesthesia. The introduction of botulinum toxin preparations is carried out using a cystoscope.
Thus, the following conclusions can be drawn:
1. Patients with an overactive bladder should exclude coffee, tea, alcohol and carbonated drinks from their diet;
2. In women, the use of detrusor electrical stimulation and exercises aimed at strengthening the muscles of the pelvic floor give good clinical results;
3. Drug therapy for an overactive bladder consists of the use of anticholinergic drugs and beta-3-adrenergic agonists;4. Botulinum therapy is a modern and effective treatment for overactive bladder.
Thank you for staying with estet-portal.com. Read other interesting articles in the "Urology" section. You may also be interested in:
The mysterious molecule of the century: what is the mechanism of action of botulinum toxin.
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