One of the global problems in the resolution of inflammatory elements in acne is the formation of scar tissue. In its essence, the scar – it is a product of pathological skin regeneration. The term "post-acne", in addition to scars, includes a whole symptom complex of the consequences of acne: pigmented and stagnant spots, enlarged pores and capillaries, etc. Reducing the severity of these manifestations is an important component of the overall effectiveness of therapy. The ELDAN Cosmetics line offers the combined use of ultrasound and "AKTIVEL" preparations as an effective solution for post-acne scar correction. Read more about combination therapy for post-acne at estet-portal.com.
Proper systematization of the severity of the disease will improve the correction of post-acne scars
Scars begin to form in the third phase of inflammation, when the number of vessels decreases and they become empty, the number of fibroblasts, macrophages and mast cells decreases. The formation of collagen and elastin fibers is activated, and the newly formed tissue has increased rigidity.
Because acne is often chronically relapsing, acne scarring is also a continuous process and is much easier to prevent than correct.
According to statistics (Prof. Yutskovskaya Ya.A.), post-acne phenomena are distributed as follows:
There are two main types of acne scar development, defined by tissue response to inflammation: over-scarring and under-scarring.
- The first type includes hypertrophic and keloid scars (10-20% of cases). They appear mainly on the body (on the upper and middle third of the back, sternum, shoulder blades, shoulders, back of the neck) and less often on the face (in the corners of the lower jaw) and subjectively may be accompanied by itching. Keloid scars can appear long after injury or even without prior trauma (spontaneously).
- The second type includes atrophic scars (90-80% of cases). They are more likely to form on the face and rarely occur on the body (more often on the upper back). D. Jacob et al. proposed to divide them into three subtypes: V-shaped (Icepick «knife for ice pick»), M-shaped (Rolling «roller») and U-shaped (Boxcar «boxcar»).
In clinical practice, there are combinations of the above options, which makes it difficult to differentiate between them, so other options for systematizing the assessment of the severity and effectiveness of post-acne scar therapy have been proposed. New more detailed scales were developed in 2006 by D. Goodman et al.
Post-Acne Scar Rating Scale (according to D. Goodman et al, 2006)
|
Post-Acne Scar Rating Scale |
Expression level |
Clinical manifestations |
|
1 point |
Macular (spotted) |
Erythematous, hyper- or hypopigmented flat scars that do not change the skin texture, but affect its color |
|
2 points |
Weak |
Weakly expressed atrophic or hypertrophic scars, indistinguishable at a distance of 50 cm or more, easily masked by cosmetics, on the chin in men – shadow of hair growing after shaving. With extrafacial localization – naturally growing hair |
|
3 points |
Medium |
Moderate atrophic or hypertrophic scars, clearly visible at a distance of 50 cm or more, poorly masked by cosmetics, the shadow of hair growing after shaving or naturally growing hair in extrafacial localization. When the skin is stretched, atrophic scars are smoothed out |
|
4 points |
Expressed |
Pronounced atrophic or hypertrophic scars, clearly visible at a distance of more than 50 cm, poorly masked by cosmetics, the shadow of hair growing after shaving or naturally growing hair in extrafacial localization. When the skin is pulled, atrophic scars do not smooth out |
|
Note. The score is the sum of points calculated by the formula: N = åA*B, where A – the number of points corresponding to the level of damage; In – multiplier, which is determined by the number of scars of a certain level of damage: 1-10 elements – multiplier 1; 11-20 elements – 2; over 20 – 3. |
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The effectiveness of ultrasound therapy in the correction of post-acne scars
Today, one of the most widely used hardware techniques for scar therapy remains ultrasound therapy. The first studies on the effect of ultrasound on biological tissues were carried out in the 50s of the last century, when it was found that acoustic vibrations in the ultrasonic range have metabolic, defibrosing, analgesic, antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory effects. Oscillatory processes are accompanied by the release of heat, which leads to physicochemical changes in cells. In particular, the production of collagen fibers by fibroblasts is accelerated.
The elasticity of normal connective tissue is due to the ordered structure of the collagen network, which allows the tissue to tense and relax without perceptible deformation. Low-frequency ultrasound has a defoliating effect on collagen; the scar tissue formed under the influence of ultrasound has a greater elasticity compared to the "normal"; scar tissue.
Under the influence of ultrasound, the permeability of the skin and histohematic barriers increases, and favorable conditions are created for the penetration of phoretic substances.
Under the influence of ultrasound at the interface between two media of different density, there is an increase in temperature by an average of 1°C. This effect contributes to the acceleration of microcirculation, biochemical processes in cells.
This effect of ultrasound therapy has found its application in the prevention and correction of cicatricial changes in post-acne therapy. Almost any water-based, oil-based or gel-based agent can serve as a contact medium for the action of ultrasound.
Combined use of ultrasound and cosmeceuticals in the correction of post-acne scars
The line ELDAN Cosmetics offers combined use of ultrasound and "AKTIVEL" preparations as an effective solution to the problem of post-acne scars.
Indications for the procedure are:
- congestive spots and scars;
- inflammatory phenomena in the resolution stage;
- hyperkeratosis;
- hypersecretion of sebum;
- skin dehydration.
Contraindications to the procedure:
- acne in the acute stage;
- oncological diseases;
- pregnancy;
- cardiac arrhythmias;
- epilepsy.
Course: 8-10 procedures 2-3 times a week.
Choice of drugs and order of their use:
- Cleansing with Cleansing Gel, which contains extracts of great burdock root and sage leaf, which have an anti-inflammatory and sebum-regulating effect.
- Toning is carried out with the help of Astringent Tonic-Lotion, which effectively cleanses, soothes the skin, has an astringent, anti-inflammatory, regenerating and pore-constricting effect; normalizes pH and prepares the skin for the subsequent stages of care. Salicylic acid, which is part of the product, has a mild keratolytic effect, and extracts of licorice, birch, sage - anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory.
- Deep Cleansing – exclusively from ELDAN- it is carried out with the help of a two-component preparation of Pre-gel and Astringent solution, which, when interacting, form a homogeneous film on the face. When removed, dead skin cells of the epidermis are removed, which helps to even out the relief.
Ingredients: algin, butcher's broom extract, salicylic acid, agar-agar, calcium salts.
- Basic care: mask «ACTIVEL» with a complex of enzymes and AHA acids (mix 4 g of ACTIVEL powder and 8 ml of liquid until a homogeneous mass is obtained, apply the mixture to the treatment area, combine with phonophoresis for 8-10 minutes, rinse with water).
Ingredients: kaolin, papain, titanium dioxide, glycolic and lactic acids, extracts of lemon, cucumber, rosemary, mint and lavender oils, sulfur.
5. Final care: apply Cryocalm-gel to the area to be treated, which, thanks to the juice of aloe barbadensis leaves, ivy, mallow and rosemary extracts, will soothe the skin, improve microcirculation and metabolism, and normalize the hydrolipidic balance.
- Final remedy: apply 6% renewing cream with glycolic (6%) acid, pineapple, passionflower, grape extracts to the AHA treatment area; shea butter and fragrant almond, vitamins A and E. The product will help accelerate cell regeneration, deep hydration and normalize the secretion of the sebaceous glands.
During periods of increased solar activity, an additional application of sunscreen with SPF 25 is recommended.
The combined use of ELDAN Cosmetics cosmeceutical preparations and phonophoresis improves the penetration of active ingredients into the deep layers of the epidermis in order to provide the maximum effect without traumatizing the skin. As a result of the course of procedures, the relief is leveled, post-traumatic pigmentation and scars are reduced, metabolic processes are normalized.
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