Human hair consists of three main layers: the cuticle, the cortex, and the inner layer. The cuticle performs a protective function, and also helps to retain moisture inside the hair. The cortex consists of spindle-shaped epithelial cells and melanocytes, and the inner layer, whose role is not fully understood, performs a connecting function. All these structures are affected by hair care products, which can both improve the condition of the hair and cause disturbances in metabolic processes in the scalp. Read more about the most optimal shampoo composition on estet-portal.com in this article.
The main elements that make up the shampoo
The main goal of the shampoo at the initial stage — it is the elimination of pollution and the opening of the cuticle. In the second stage, nutrients and water pass through the cuticle into the cortex of the hair.
On the label, the substances that make up the shampoo are arranged according to the degree of decrease in their concentration: the first substance, most often water, is 60-80%, the second - 20%, all subsequent - less than 5%.
The last stage of the hair action is the closure of the cuticle, in order to retain the incoming moisture and nutrients in the hair.
Shampoo Ingredients:
• composition of shampoo that does not harm the hair;
• substances in the shampoo and conditioner that restore hair structure;
• why it is important that shampoo contains no sulfates.
Shampoo composition that does not harm the hair
To choose a quality shampoo, you need to follow a few basic rules. Firstly, it is necessary that the shampoo has an optimal pH level, which will promote an even flow of water and nutrients through the cuticles, as well as help to keep the color of dyed hair longer. Secondly, the product should provide thermal and UV protection, especially with frequent use of a hair dryer and ironing. It is important to avoid alcohols and sulfates in the shampoo, which damage the cuticles and dry out the hair.
Substances in shampoo and conditioner that restore hair structure
During the use of shampoo, the hair is cleansed not only from dirt, but also from substances that provide nutrition and protection for the hair. As a result, there is a need to restore the natural components of the hair.
This can be achieved with the help of certain substances, namely:
• proteins;
• vitamins;
• extracts;
• oils.
These components penetrate the cuticle and provide cosmetic hair restoration, help retain moisture. Silicones, also often included in conditioners, are not recommended for use, despite their ability to add shine to hair. These substances close the pores and prevent hair growth.
Why is it important that shampoo contains no sulfates
For normal hair growth and condition, it is very important to maintain a certain pH level of the scalp - from 4 to 6. At this level of acidity, the cuticle is in a closed state, which allows it to retain moisture and protect the hair from damage.
Shampoos containing lauryl sulfate or ammonium sulfate have a very high pH — over 11.
As a result of exposure to sulfates, hair, which is normally slightly acidic, is subjected to powerful alkaline stress. As a result, the cuticle opens, moisture loss and damage to the hair. As a result, dryness, itching of the scalp and dandruff appear.
Read also: Hair loss and cosmetics with silicones - is there a connection
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