Aging is an inevitable physiological process that occurs in the life of absolutely every person. The aging process affects absolutely all aspects of life: the ability to work decreases, the general condition of the body worsens, changes occur in the appearance of a person. Approximately from the age of 35, aging processes begin to occur in the human body and they manifest themselves, first of all, on the condition of the skin of the face: due to atrophy of facial muscles, gravitational sagging of the skin, thinning of the collagen layer and elastic fibers, wrinkles appear on the human face.
Modern methods of cosmetology and plastic surgery offer a huge selection of facial rejuvenation procedures, and their results are impressive. However, it is difficult to predict the duration of this outcome in each individual patient. What does this have to do with it?
- The essence of the study of the influence of collagen types on the skin aging process
- Study results of the influence of collagen types on skin aging processes
- Features of the structure of the dermis in congenital connective tissue pathology
- Reducing the ratio of type 1 collagen to type 3 collagen accelerates aging
The essence of the study of the influence of collagen types on the skin aging process
Collagen — fibrillar protein, which forms the basis of the connective tissue of the body (tendon, bone, cartilage, dermis, etc.) and provides its strength and elasticity. Collagen is found in multicellular animals; absent in plants, bacteria, viruses, protozoa and fungi. Collagen — main component of connective tissue.
A study was conducted on 20 patients aged 45 to 60 years who underwent SMAS-lifta for facial rejuvenation. The properties of the skin, namely the density, maturity and main types of collagen, were determined by staining with the Sirius red preparation, examining them in polarized light with electron microscopy, and also by analyzing micrographs in a special program that helped analyze the ratio of collagen 1 and 3- th types in the preparation of each individual patient.
Read also: "Skin damage during biostimulation: which collagen is more useful. Maurizio Ceccarelli"
The results of the analysis were compared with the preparations of patients in the control group who underwent lower blepharoplasty, and who did not show clinical signs of connective tissue weakness and overt gravitational ptosis.
Results of a study on the effect of collagen types on skin aging processes
According to the results of the study, an excess of type 3 collagen, which has weak strength properties, was found in a large number of the studied patients, which indicates a congenital pathology of the connective tissue.
Read also: "The ABC of the skin for a cosmetologist. The structure of the epidermis (Part 1)"
The ratio of collagen type 1 to collagen type 3 in these patients was 3.68, while the ratio of these two types of collagen in patients from the control group was 4.18. Visually, the decrease in the ratio of type 1 collagen to type 3 looked like an increase in green-colored areas, which were type 3 collagen fibers. At the same time, collagen fibers of the 3rd type had different diameters and formed a parallel fibrous network.
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Thus, it was found that the genetic predisposition to an increase in the number of type 3 collagen is the cause of the earlier onset of aging processes, and, accordingly, worsens the prognosis for the duration of maintaining positive results after surgical intervention.
Features of the structure of the dermis in congenital connective tissue pathology
The results of the histological examination of the patients' preparations are also noteworthy. When comparing the results of a histological study of patients with a normal ratio of collagen type 1 to collagen type 3, and patients in whom this ratio is reduced, it was found that the latter have characteristic changes in the dermis.
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The preparation revealed both cells with varying degrees of destructive changes, which are key in the process of skin aging, as well as giant fibroblasts and fibroblasts with increased synthetic activity, which are not typical for patients with a normal ratio of collagen. In addition, in patients with a reduced collagen ratio, there were no macrophages in the dermis, which impairs the processes of regeneration of the connective tissue.
Reducing the ratio of type 1 collagen to type 3 collagen accelerates aging
Thus, according to the results of the study, it was found that congenital connective tissue pathology, in which the content of type 3 collagen in the dermis increases, and the ratio of type 1 collagen to type 3 collagen decreases, aging processes begin earlier, are much more pronounced and cause a more short-term effect after surgery for facial rejuvenation.
Skin aging: cell imbalance" On average, after SMAS-lifting, the patient is guaranteed a good result for 7-10 years, but the individual characteristics of the body, such as pathology of the connective tissue, can significantly affect this result. Perhaps in the future there will be research into new methods to normalize & nbsp; ratio of collagen and thus slow down the aging process of the skin and guarantee patients an even longer effect after facial rejuvenation surgery.
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