Pyoderma is a purulent skin lesion resulting from the introduction of pyogenic microbes into it. This is one of the most common skin diseases, it can occur primarily on healthy skin if a person has severely reduced immunity, or secondarily as a complication of various diseases, especially those associated with severe itching. The treatment is selected individually for each patient, while it is important to clearly establish which infectious agent caused the skin inflammation.
Symptoms of pyoderma: what to look out for
A huge number of pyogenic microbes live on the skin of a healthy person, but they cause disease only under certain conditions.
The development of pyoderma is facilitated by superficial skin injuries, abrasions, contamination of the skin, non-compliance with hygiene rules, as well as hypothermia or overheating.
Often, pyoderma develops with diabetes mellitus, functional disorders of the nervous system, malnutrition, hypoavitaminosis A and C, chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, hypofunction of the gonads and many other reasons.
Classification of pyoderma: types of deep and superficial lesions
According to the depth of the process, pyoderma is divided into superficial and deep.
Superficial pyodermas include osteofolliculitis, impetigo, sycosis, acne.
Osteofolliculitis is an inflammatory lesion of the hair follicle, characterized by the formation of usually multiple small, 1-2 mm pustules, pierced in the center by hair and surrounded by a narrow pink border. On the 3rd - 4th day, their contents dry up, yellow crusts appear, after which there are no traces left on the skin. Individual pustules, growing peripherally, can reach 5 mm in diameter - the so-called impetigo.
Sycosis - multiple osteofolliculitis and folliculitis nested on bluish-red or infiltrated skin, which are at various stages of development and are prone to a long, sometimes long-term recurrent course. Sycosis is localized mainly in the area of the mustache and beard, less often - eyebrows, even more rarely - in the scalp, as well as the pubis and armpits.
Acne is an inflammation of the sebaceous glands. They often develop in boys and girls during puberty and gradually disappear by the age of 25-30. Common, or juvenile, acne is localized on the skin of the face, upper back and chest, where the largest sebaceous glands are located.
Deep pyoderma – these are usually boils.
Furuncle (boil, vered) usually develops from folliculitis. In this case, the purulent process spreads in depth along the hair and captures the entire hair follicle and surrounding fiber. A large, up to 2 cm in diameter, painful node with purulent content is formed. After 2-3 days, a softening area appears in the center of it - a purulent "head", then the boil breaks through with the release of pus. At the site of the breakthrough, dead tissue is visible - this is the tip of the so-called necrotic rod. In the following days, with pus and blood, the rod is rejected. After 2-3 days, the tissue defect heals with the formation of a scar, slightly drawn inward. If a generalized formation of boils occurs, they speak of furunculosis.
Treatment and prevention of pyoderma
For the treatment of pyoderma, doctors use immunotherapy (staphylococcal toxoid, autovaccination), if necessary, antibiotics - with a preliminary determination of the sensitivity to them of the microorganisms that caused this disease in each particular patient, as well as autohemotherapy, vitamins A, group B, C and other general strengthening funds. A carbohydrate-restricted diet is prescribed.
With multiple outbreaks, general washing is prohibited, with single ones - the issue is resolved individually. Washing the hearths themselves should always be avoided. Frequent change of linen is required. Towels, combs and other household items must be individual.
Topical treatment depends on the form of pyoderma. The skin is wiped with disinfectant lotions.
Pyoderma Prevention:
- hygienic general mode;
- full and regular meals;
- physical education and sports;
- treatment of general diseases;
- prevention and immediate treatment of microtraumas;
- observance of personal hygiene rules;
- isolation of children with streptococcal and vulgar impetigo from groups;
- timely treatment of initial manifestations.
The prognosis for cure in acute forms is usually favorable, in chronic ones, especially those occurring against the background of severe general diseases, it can be poor. Treatment for general symptoms is preferably carried out in a hospital.
Share:
Add a comment