Ultrasound diagnostic methods are widely used in modern medicine. The basis of such methods is ultrasound, which allows you to visualize the internal structures, as well as movement inside the body. The popularity of this method lies in its painlessness, the absence of contraindications, as well as the ability to detect various kinds of formations that can not be seen on an x-ray. In more detail about this diagnostic method, its varieties and features of the application, estet-portal.com will tell in this article.
Ultrasonic diagnostic methods – what is the basis?
A person cannot hear ultrasound because its frequency is higher than 20 kHz, but ultrasonic waves perfectly penetrate body tissues without damaging them. This is due to the safety of ultrasound diagnostic methods and their painlessness.
There are many ultrasound machines that can be used in various medical settings. Licensed ultrasound equipment presented on the manufacturer's website http://komplex-m.ru/kompleksmed-3x is used by doctors of various specializations in clinics, dispensaries, ambulances by doctors of various specialties. The convenience of ultrasound diagnostic methods lies in the possibility of examining inpatients and outpatients.
Ultrasound method allows you to determine the pathological foci, as well as the position of organs and tissues, their shape, structure and size. The wave resistance of biological media is many times greater than the resistance of air, therefore, if there is at least a minimal layer of air between the ultrasonic emitter and the biological object under study, ultrasound will not be able to penetrate inside. That is why during an ultrasound examination, a special gel is applied to the skin and the emitter.
The frequency of the sound waves depends on the purpose of the ultrasound – the deeper the structure under investigation, the lower the applied frequency.
For what purposes are ultrasound diagnostic methods used?
Ultrasound diagnostic methods are used to examine various tissues and organs of the human body, including:
- when pregnant;
- when examining children;
- to detect pathological changes;
- for brain examination;
- for eye examination;
- for examining glands (mammary, salivary, thyroid);
- for examination of the heart and other organs.
Depending on the density of the medium being examined and the speed at which the ultrasonic wave propagates in such medium, the ultrasonic impedance varies. At the boundary of two media with different resistance, ultrasonic waves partially propagate in a new medium, and are partially reflected. The doctor decrypts the received data.
Ultrasonic diagnostic methods – types and applications in medicine
There are three most common ultrasound diagnostic methods:
- two-dimensional;
- three-dimensional;
- 4D.
Two-dimensional ultrasound allows you to get a picture, mostly black and white, which allows the doctor to make a diagnosis, but it is difficult for an ordinary person to understand anything in a complete mess of lines and dots.
3D Ultrasound produces a 3D still image. For example, with the help of such a study, you can see the appearance of a child in the womb in all details.
Four-dimensional ultrasound allows you to see not just a fixed color picture, as in a 3D version of ultrasound, but also to follow the movement of the object under study in real time. If we look at the example of pregnancy, we can say that as a result of the application of this technology, you can "record a video" with an unborn child.
The effectiveness of the above types of ultrasound depends on the problem, for the identification of which the methods of ultrasound diagnostics are used. In some cases, it is enough for a doctor to look at the two-dimensional result of the study in order to diagnose a disease or pathology; in some cases, the object under study must be examined in full or even in motion. Sometimes different types of ultrasound are combined to give a complete picture.
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