Voluntary surgical sterilization is perhaps the most effective method of contraception. Today, women from completely different parts of the world prefer sterilization to other methods of contraception. The method of voluntary surgical sterilization is not considered unacceptable in the modern world, it is absolutely safe and has its advantages over other methods of contraception. At the same time, there are certain contraindications to the sterilization of women. The method is non-negotiable and therefore the decision to sterilize should be made by the woman consciously, in accordance with the recommendations of her gynecologist.
The essence of the method of voluntary surgical sterilization
The method of voluntary surgical sterilization of women consists in blocking the fallopian tubes by tying, cutting, coagulating or clamping them with special rings. The sterilization method is selected individually in accordance with the personal wishes of the patient. Thus, after blocking the fallopian tubes, the penetration of spermatozoa into the egg becomes impossible and pregnancy does not occur. It is impossible to restore the patency of the fallopian tubes after their sterilization, which the patient should be warned about. Voluntary sterilization is not recommended for young nulliparous girls. Voluntary surgical sterilization can be performed on any day of the menstrual cycle, preferably during its proliferative phase: from day 6 to day 13.
Indications and contraindications for surgical sterilization
Like any other method of contraception, voluntary surgical sterilization has its advantages and disadvantages. The main advantages of the method include:
- rapid onset of contraceptive effect;
- no effect on lactation and breastfeeding;
- preservation of the normal hormonal background of the body;
- lack of connection with sexual intercourse;
- no side effects;
- the possibility of using sterilization in the presence of a medical pathology or in case of impossibility to use other methods of contraception.
The disadvantages of surgical sterilization include the non-negotiability of the method, the lack of a protective effect of the contraceptive against sexually transmitted infections, and possible risks during anesthesia during the sterilization operation.
Contraindications for voluntary surgical sterilization
The main contraindications for performing voluntary surgical sterilization are as follows:
- suspicion of the possible pregnancy of the patient;
- presence of uterine bleeding of unknown etiology;
- the presence of infectious processes in the body and in the pelvic organs in particular;
- lack of voluntary consent of the woman and her uncertainty about the desire for subsequent pregnancies;
- the presence of health risks associated with surgical procedures or anesthetic management.
Basic Methods of Voluntary Surgical Sterilization
There are three main types of voluntary surgical sterilization: minilaparotomy, laparoscopy and postpartum sterilization. Minilaparotomy is performed under local or general anesthesia. A small incision is made in the suprapubic region and the fallopian tubes are dissected using a special elevator tool. Sterilization after childbirth should be carried out a few days after the birth of the child, when the uterus is high in the abdominal cavity. Under general or local anesthesia, an incision is made in the navel and the fallopian tubes are crossed one by one. Laparoscopic sterilization is performed under local anesthesia, tubal occlusion is performed through a small incision under the navel.
Surgical sterilization guarantees maximum contraceptive effect
Thus, voluntary surgical sterilization is the most effective method of contraception, and is recommended for women who already have children and are absolutely determined in their desire not to have pregnancies in the future. In accordance with the individual wishes and capabilities of the patient, the gynecologist selects the optimal method of surgical intervention for her in order to perform surgical sterilization. The postoperative period takes several days, after which the patient can return to her usual lifestyle and be absolutely confident in the 100% effectiveness of such a contraceptive method as surgical sterilization.
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