Coloboma — defect of the organ of vision, which is accompanied by a splitting of its structures. The most common congenital form of the disease. Often it is accompanied by other malformations of embryogenesis, such as cleft lip, cleft palate. Acquired coloboma also occurs, which can occur as a result of trauma or eye surgery. This pathology is painless, but can affect visual acuity and accommodative ability of the eye. Read more about this disease on estet-portal.com in this article.
How to correctly diagnose and treat coloboma
Coloboma — defect that is easy to diagnose. In most cases, this pathology is visualized without additional research.
In case of colobomas of the optic nerve and vascular structures of the eye, ophthalmoscopy with examination of the fundus is performed.
Biomicroscopy reveals the smallest defects in the anterior parts of the eye: colobomas of the iris, lens and ciliary body. Also, in the diagnosis of colobomas, perimetry is used, the reaction of the pupils to light is checked and computed tomography is performed for the differential diagnosis of congenital and acquired forms of this disease. types of colobomas depending on the affected area;
• main symptoms of congenital and acquired coloboma;
• conservative and surgical treatment of eye coloboma.
Types of colaboms depending on the affected area
Coloboma is characterized by damage to various parts of the organ of vision. It can be isolated, combined or penetrating, when all
structures of the eyeball
are involved in the pathological process
Most common lesions:• Iris coloboma — with a congenital defect, the pupil retains the ability to contract;• choroid coloboma — violation of the integrity of the vascular supply of the eye;• coloboma of the ciliary body — always accompanied by disturbance of accommodation;
• coloboma lens — one of the rarest and most difficult to diagnose forms of coloboma;• lesion of the optic nerve — manifested by blindness due to lack of innervation of the eye;
• coloboma of the century —
The clinic of a coloboma depends on the location of its localization and the degree of spread of the defect.
Main symptoms of congenital and acquired coloboma
The symptoms of a coloboma can be completely different. If the disease is acquired, functional blindness often occurs as a result of a lack of control of the incoming light flux. When the ciliary body is damaged, accommodation is disturbed.
If a coloboma occurs in the choroid plexus, then the retinal supply is disrupted and, as a result, the visual field is lost in this area.
Coloboma of the lens is manifested by a decrease in visual acuity. A defect in the eyelids can cause damage to the conjunctiva and
cornea,due to a violation of their hydration.
Effective surgical treatment of eye coloboma
There are currently no methods of conservative therapy for coloboma of the eye. If the defect is small and does not bring discomfort, it is recommended to use sunglasses & nbsp; and dark contact lenses. Surgical tactics consists in stitching the edges of the defect with the formation of a supporting frame. When the coloboma affects the lens, it is removed and replaced with an intraocular lens. In case of eyelid defects, its plastic reconstruction is carried out.Coloboma — a defect that may be asymptomatic. It is extremely important to correct it in time to avoid complications in the future.
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