Anomalies in the development of the organs of the unborn child are the first thing that every woman is afraid of when she learns about pregnancy. Often a woman finds out about pregnancy when the laying and formation of organs has already occurred. And in modern life, a woman is exposed from all sides to the action of factors that negatively affect the division of embryonic cells. These are radiation from mobile phones, tablets, microwave ovens, computers and laptops, Wi-Fi routers. We do not see these waves with the eye, but they are everywhere, and they negatively affect both new maturing cells and mature ones. In addition to this, a lot of stressful situations, poor nutrition and ecology - and the risk of anomalies in the development of organs increases.
Anomalies in the development of the female genital organs
The malformations of the organs of the reproductive system of a woman include the abnormal development of the fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus and vagina.
Anomalies in the development of the fallopian tubes appear as a result of impaired development and recanalization, as well as incomplete fusion of the Müllerian passages.
From the total number of anomalies in the development of the uterine appendages, a number of situations can be distinguished when, on the one hand, the fallopian tube and ovary are completely absent.
Identify malformations of the fallopian tubes, which are of practical importance.
- Very long pipes. Such tubes may become kinked or contained in a hernial sac when an inguinal hernia occurs.
- Spiral tubes. In inflammatory processes, adhesions and tumors of the appendages, such tubes can twist.
- Congenital obstruction of the tubes or obliteration of the uterine opening. This also includes atresia, which is manifested by clinical infertility.
- Tubal duplication, which is common with ovarian duplication.
- The presence of additional blind passages, holes, which are often located close to the abdominal opening of the tube.
- Congenital expansion of the tube. Fallopian tube atresia does not occur on its own.
Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of malformations of the fallopian tubes
There are no clinical manifestations of malformation of the fallopian tubes. It is possible to suspect the presence of a defect in the fallopian tubes only if there are such complications as involvement of a section of the tube in the hernial sac, pyosalpinx, ectopic pregnancy.
Diagnosis of malformations of the fallopian tubes is based on the identification of complaints that indicate the possible addition of complications, x-ray methods, laparoscopy, ultrasound results and palpation of the formations.
In children and adolescents, surgical interventions are performed in cases of complications - twisting and suppuration of the fallopian tubes. In this case, the surgeon performs the most sparing operation.
Irregular menstruation may indicate an abnormal development of the ovaries.
Congenital and acquired anomalies of ovarian development are divided into the following types:
- -true agonadism - manifested by aplasia of the glands, false agonadism - a regressive form;
- - true hypergonadism - hyperplasia, false - cystic ovaries;
- - primary hypogonadism - ovarian hypoplasia, secondary - atrophy;
- - unilateral and bilateral ambigonadism.
Primary hypogonadism occurs when there are abnormalities in the chromosomes of the gonads. Insufficiency of gonadotropic hormones of the pituitary gland provokes secondary hypogonadism.
In the absence of one ovary, this is manifested by a violation of the menstrual cycle. If two ovaries are missing, menstrual function is impossible.
Possible malformations of the vagina and uterus
With the development of the vagina, such malformations as aplasia of the vagina and septum (complete and incomplete) are possible. With this pathology, the vagina consists of a depression up to 4 cm deep. Often, vaginal aplasia is combined with malformations of the uterus.
The vaginal septum can be transverse or longitudinal. In the presence of a complete longitudinal septum, a woman has 2 vaginas.
Uterine malformations
With an anomaly in the development of the uterus, it can be unicornuate. This pathology does not exclude the possibility of pregnancy, although it reduces its chances. In the case of pregnancy, there are often problems with bearing, as the unicornuate uterus is reduced in size. With a bicornuate uterus in women during pregnancy, the fetus is more often located in a breech presentation. Agenesia of the endometrium and cervix is a very rare pathology.
Atresia of the hymen is detected when menarche does not occur in adolescence, along with the appearance of regular pain in the lower abdomen. This defect is easily corrected by a pediatric gynecologist.
Women should pay great attention to the health of their future children, as well as avoid all kinds of radiation and procedures that negatively affect cell division. Do not forget that ultrasound in early pregnancy also negatively affects the development of the fetus.
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