Colposcopy — one of the most effective research methods in gynecology, which allows you to study in detail the condition of the mucous membrane of the cervix and identify even the smallest defects on its surface. Colposcopy is a virtually painless procedure, & nbsp; which allows you to diagnose many gynecological diseases at an early stage. Since there is no contact of the colposcope with the cervix during colposcopy, this technique has a minimum number of contraindications. On estet-portal.com read more about the main indications and technique for this procedure.
Colposcopy: main indications for the procedure
Colposcopy has a wide range of indications, including minor menstrual irregularities and suspicions of the development of an oncological process. This research method is used in the presence of pain in the lower abdomen, with pain during intercourse, as well as with algomenorrhea.
Colposcopy allows not only to assess the condition of the cervix, but also to biopsy the changed areas of the mucous membrane.
Colposcopy is contraindicated due to high risk of bleeding and infection.
Colposcopy:
• differences between simple and advanced colposcopy;
• algorithm for proper preparation for colposcopy;
• modern technical features of colposcopy.
Differences between simple and advanced colposcopy
There are several types of colposcopy in clinical practice:
• simple colposcopy, which involves examining the mucosa only with a colposcope;
• extended, during which substances are additionally used that improve the visualization of the mucous membrane of the cervix.
There are two types of samples used for advanced colposcopy. The first test involves applying a 3% solution of acetic acid to the cervical mucosa, which provokes vasoconstriction, helping to establish a pathological vascular reaction and improve the visualization of neoplasms. The second test is called the Schiller test and is performed using 2% Lugol's solution. During this test, pathological changes in the epithelium of the cervix do not stain or stain less intensely.
Algorithm for correct preparation for colposcopy
Colposcopy — it is a simple and painless diagnostic procedure, the average duration of which does not exceed 30 minutes. Before colposcopy, it is very important to preserve the natural internal flora, and therefore it is recommended to refrain from sexual activity a couple of days before the procedure, to refuse to use candles and douching. Immediately before the colposcopy, the external genital organs are toileted with warm water without the use of additional detergents.
Modern technical features of colposcopy
Colposcopy is performed using a special apparatus — colposcope, which is a microscope in combination with a lighting system. The colposcope is not inserted into the vagina, but allows you to assess the condition of the mucosa at a distance. Mirrors are used to open the cervix for viewing the device.
The most appropriate period for a colposcopy is the second or third day after the end of menstruation.
In addition to conventional optical colposcopy, video colposcopy is used, during which an image of the cervix is displayed.
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