Gynecologists are sounding the alarm: more and more often very young successful women with excellent health come to see them, against which the signs of menopause are clearly developing. Examination of the patient at the same time shows the presence of exhausted ovary syndrome – when initially this organ was formed normally and worked effectively, but the stock of germ cells has already been exhausted, and the follicular apparatus is replaced by connective tissue. The ovaries stop functioning and premature menopause sets in.
Reasons for Premature Menopause
Ovarian wasting syndrome is sometimes referred to as premature menopause or premature menopause. Among the reasons why a woman develops a deficiency of the follicular apparatus, experts name chromosomal abnormalities, autoimmune disorders, toxicosis, extragenital pathologies & nbsp; her mother during the period when she was carrying her future daughter.
A woman's premature ovarian failure is also affected by adverse conditions in the form of poor ecology, taking certain medications, exposure to radiation and chemical agents that her mother experienced during pregnancy.
However, the causes of germ cell destruction and premature menopause are not only hereditary – in the life of a woman, as a rule, there are provoking factors that become the impetus for the development of the disease. These factors can be:
- development of autoimmune hypothyroidism,
- past viral infections (influenza, rubella, parotitis),
- chronic infections (tonsillitis),
- frequent severe stress,
- passion for strict diets and starvation.
To ovarian exhaustion and premature overly radical surgical interventions for endometrioid ovarian cysts, fibroids, ectopic pregnancy can lead to menopause.
It is worth noting that when interviewing a patient with ovarian failure syndrome, it often turns out that she had late menarche, that her mother and sisters in the family had an early onset of menopause.
Signs of Premature Menopause
The ovarian failure syndrome overtakes women aged, on average, about 36 years, although much earlier manifestations of it also occur (cases of patients at the age of 24 are known). Usually complaints sound something like this: menarche came on time, menstruation came regularly and without problems, then, against the background of normal health, oligomenorrhea and a persistent cessation of menstruation suddenly develop.
To these symptoms are added unpleasant sensations in the form of hot flashes, excessive sweating, cardialgia. The patient experiences irritability and emotional depression, weakness, headaches and sleep disturbance, fatigue – all signs of premature menopause.
Studies show hypoestrogenism, atrophic changes in the mammary glands occur, urogenital disorders begin, bone fragility increases, dryness of the mucous membranes develops (including in the vagina) and problems with sexual life appear. Ultrasound data show a decrease in the size of the uterus and ovaries, and a histological examination confirms the absence of a follicular apparatus in the woman's ovaries.
Read also: "Quality of life of a woman during menopause"
Principles of treatment for premature menopause in women
Therapy for premature menopause consists in correcting the condition of the woman and her quality of life. Hormone replacement therapy is prescribed – a good effect is given by drugs taken in the contraceptive regimen until the age of normal, natural menopause. In addition, drugs are prescribed, physiotherapy procedures that correct the genitourinary and cardiovascular disorders, sedatives may be recommended if necessary.
You will also be interested in: "Hormone replacement therapy: features of choice and prescription"
Doctors note that among patients with ovarian failure syndrome there are exceptional cases when, after a long absence of menstruation, ovulation suddenly spontaneously restored and pregnancy occurred. But most often, if a woman with premature menopause still wants to become a mother, IVF is recommended for her.
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