Missed pregnancy refers to one of the types of miscarriage and is characterized by a halt in the development of the embryo, resulting in its death. Gynecologists often use the term "missed miscarriage", which more accurately defines the pathology – the fetus died but was not expelled from the uterus. The causes of missed pregnancy are quite numerous and are divided into internal and external factors. Pathology is more common in primigravida women 30 and older. A failed miscarriage is manifested by the disappearance of toxicosis, the appearance of spotting blood discharge and subfebrile temperature. Why pregnancy stops developing, will tell estet-portal.com.
What are the causes of missed pregnancy
Threatened terms for the occurrence of a failed miscarriage are 3 – 4 weeks of gestation, 8 & ndash; 11 weeks and 16 & ndash; 18. The causes of missed pregnancy are numerous and conventionally divided into internal and external.
Internal causes of miscarriage
Intrinsic factors of missed miscarriage include:
• Genetic anomalies
About 70% of cases of pathology are caused by chromosomal or genetic defects (the genotype of the embryo is missing or has an extra chromosome or a pathological gene), which leads to the formation of multiple malformations that are incompatible with life. In this case, the embryo dies, and the development of pregnancy stops. Genetic/chromosomal defects cause fetal death at 8 weeks of gestation.
Top second in the causes of miscarriage and miscarriage (spontaneous abortion).
Infectious diseases of the TORCH group of infections are considered especially dangerous for the development of the embryo. This group includes rubella, toxoplasmosis, herpes simplex and cytomegalovirus infection.
If the primary infection occurred during the gestation period in the first half of pregnancy, then its course ends with a "fading", if in the second half, then the formation of congenital malformations of the fetus. No less dangerous is the infection of a pregnant woman with sexually transmitted infections (gonorrhea, chlamydia, ureaplasmosis). But the cause of a failed miscarriage can also be banal SARS, which most people carry on their feet. The mechanism of embryonic death is threefold. Firstly, the direct effect on the fetus of infectious agents that have penetrated through the bloodstream. Secondly, the synthesis by the maternal organism of prostaglandins (inflammatory mediators), which have a toxic effect on the fetus. Thirdly, the development of a chronic inflammatory reaction in the uterus prevents the normal implantation of a fertilized egg,
• Hormonal disordersProgesterone deficiency, which supports the development of the placenta and fetus, can provoke spontaneous abortion or miscarriage. An excess of male sex hormones (hyperandrogenism) also causes hormonal imbalance in the mother's body, disrupts the course and development of pregnancy, which ends with the death of the embryo.
Undiagnosed thyroid pathology can also cause the death of the fetus in the first half of pregnancy.
• These diseases are characterized by the formation of antibodies in the mother's body, tuned to fight not with foreign material (microbes, toxins), but with their own cells. The fetus has half the genes of a woman, and the other half – men. The maternal antibodies recognize the maternal genes in the embryo and begin to attack it, resulting in its death.
• Teratozoospermia
The fetus can stop its development due to the fault of the father. The presence of teratozoospermia (an abnormality in the structure of spermatozoa) in a partner causes infertility, but in rare cases, pregnancy ends in its termination (miscarriage or "fading").
External causes of miscarriage
External factors include:• Bad diet
Strict diets for weight loss, unbalanced diet, neglect of food intake, fast food and canned foods. All of these factors cause insufficient intake of nutrients, minerals and vitamins in the mother's body, which are necessary for the full growth and development of the fetus.
• Medication
A number of drugs with teratogenic effects are strictly prohibited during the gestational period (cytostatics, anticonvulsants, some antibiotics, antivirals, and others).
• Bad habits
Alcohol abuse, smoking and taking drugs in early gestation cause the death of the fetus, and in late – malformations of its development.
Activities associated with the production of chemical products (paints, varnishes, solvents), with sudden changes in temperature (work in a hot shop, etc.).
• Other factors
These include stress, mental strain, the age of the mother (35 years or more), a sharp change in climate, an IVF procedure, abortions in the past. Pregnancy planning, including a thorough examination of the couple, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, correcting chronic diseases will help to avoid the occurrence of such a pathology as missed pregnancy in 95% of cases.
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