In the process of embryogenesis, malformations of tissues, organs or systems sometimes occur.
Some malformations may not manifest themselves in any way and do not interfere with a person’s life, some malformations may not even be suspected throughout life, and other developmental disorders are visible immediately after birth.
Thus, one of the most common vascular malformations is capillary angiodysplasia. Also, this violation of blood vessels is called a flaming nevus or port wine stain.
Port wine stain is a network of capillaries that are pathologically changed and located superficially or deep under the skin, translucent through it.
Find out on estet-portal.com the causes, clinical picture and methods of treating wine stains.
- Why Port Port Stains Develop and What They Can Indicate
- Clinical picture: where port wine stains are more often located
- Which treatments will help get rid of wine stainson
Why Port Port Stains Develop and What They May Indicate
Based on world statistics, port wine stains occur in 0.1-0.2% of newborns.
More often, pathology is recorded in persons of Caucasian race, equally often in both boys and girls.
Port wine stain in most cases is a congenital malformation and is present in the child immediately after birth.
As the person grows, the spot increases in size.
In very rare cases, port-wine spots may appear on healthy skin already in adulthood, then we are talking about acquired capillary angiodysplasia.
Also, the presence of wine stains can be a sign of the development of other serious pathologies:
- Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (malformation of venous vessels, which is accompanied by hypertrophy of soft tissues and musculoskeletal system);
- Sturge-Weber syndrome (encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis, which is accompanied by damage to the tissues of the meninges).
The Society for the Study of Developmental Vascular Pathologies classifies angiodysplasia based on the predominant vessel type:
The main feature of wine stains is the fact that they cannot disappear on their own, which, of course, has a negative impact on the psychological and emotional state of a person.
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Clinical picture: where wine stains are more often localized
In a newborn baby, the venous spot is represented by a pink or light pink spot. Upon closer examination, individual branches of vessels are visible.
Most port-wine stains are localized on the neck and face.
If angiodysplasia is located on the face, then almost half of the angiodysplasia occurs in the area from 1 to 3 areas that are innervated by the 5th pair of cranial nerves, and more than half of the port-wine stain occupies more than one area and goes to the opposite side.
As a person grows, so does the wine stain, changing its color to light red or red.
A port-wine stain on the face can break its symmetry.
Up close, it is no longer possible to distinguish individual branches of blood vessels. They thicken and rise above the surface of the skin.
Port wine stain can easily be injured with the development of bleeding. There is a high risk of infection, and it is also possible for agiodysplasia to turn into a tumor with a malignant course.
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What treatments will help get rid of port wine stain
The easiest and most affordable way to mask a wine stain – use of cosmetics. Cosmetics allow the patient to feel more comfortable in society.
It is also possible to have tattoos over angiodysplasia to hide it.
Medicine treatment for port port stain does not bring the desired effect.
However, there are data on the use of the topical immunomodulator imiquimod under film occlusion for a month.
Before the invention of lasers, skin grafting was a radical method of treating port-port stain, but this method has contraindications, as well as certain risks.
Today, laser and light therapy are used to treat port-wine stains. During such therapy, selective destruction of pathological vessels occurs during their heating, during which hemoglobin absorbs laser or light energy.
This type of treatment is used when the port-wine stain has completely formed and there is no other way to influence it with other methods of treatment.
Laser and light therapy is carried out in conditions where there is no damage to the skin, therefore it is well tolerated by patients and does not require rehabilitation measures.
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