Installation of artificial crowns is one of the most requested procedures in modern dentistry. If there are significant defects in the tissues of the tooth, which cannot be eliminated by filling or inserting an inlay – without an artificial crown is simply not enough. Tooth loss due to traumatization or in connection with the incapacity of a diseased tooth is a condition requiring dental correction, since both the appearance and functional abilities of the jaw are impaired. The installation of an artificial crown is a fairly quick, painless and affordable procedure, which is provided by almost every dental clinic today.
What are the types of artificial crowns for a tooth
The patient is provided with a huge selection of various types of artificial crowns. A competent dentist will certainly help the patient in choosing, taking into account the individual needs and capabilities of each patient. By appointment, all artificial crowns are divided into restorative ones, that is, those that restore the disturbed anatomical shape of a natural tooth, as well as supporting – crowns that provide fixation of bridges. Depending on the material from which the artificial crown is made, the following types of crowns are distinguished:
- metal – made of noble and base metal alloys:
- cast – are made by pouring metal crowns according to a pre-prepared form;
- stamped – crowns, which are made by stamping them from special discs or sleeves;
- non-metallic – crowns that are made of porcelain or plastic;
- combined – crowns with a metal base and a porcelain or plastic veneer.
Basic requirements to be met by artificial crowns
Artificial crowns must meet specific requirements, as they can adversely affect the periodontal tissues of the abutment teeth and the patient's body as a whole. These requirements are the following mandatory conditions:
- The crown should not overbite and limit the movement of the lower jaw;
- it is strictly forbidden to tightly fit the crown to the tissues of the tooth, especially in the region of its neck;
- the crown must not violate aesthetic standards;
- the length of the crown must not exceed the depth of the sulcus;
- the thickness of the edge of the artificial crown should not exceed the volume of the sulcus;
- The margin of the crown must be the same width as the width of the ledge formed in the tooth.
Indications and contraindications for the installation of an artificial crown
The following conditions are direct indications for the installation of an artificial crown:
- destruction of hard tissues of the tooth as a result of a pathological process, such as caries, fluorosis and others;
- anomalies in the color, structure and shape of the tooth;
- the need to restore the shape of the teeth and the height of the lower third of the face in case of their pathological abrasion;
- fixation of certain types of prostheses;
- the need for tooth splinting in case of periodontal diseases;
- temporary fixation of orthopedic and orthodontic appliances;
- convergence, protrusion or divergence of teeth.
Contraindications to the installation of an artificial crown are the presence of chronic inflammation of the periodontium, acute inflammatory process of the periodontium, the presence of significant pathological tooth mobility, as well as the presence of dental deposits.
Crown fabrication procedure: main steps
The procedure for making an artificial crown can take a period of a week to a month, and consists of several stages:
- At the first stage, the tooth is prepared and the necessary impressions are obtained, the model of the artificial crown is cast and it is plastered into the occluder. Next, teeth are modeled, stamps are obtained and directly stamped.
- At the second stage, the artificial crown is tried on and its color is determined, the crown is ground and polished.
- The last step is the installation and fixation of the artificial crown.
The tooth must not remain exposed for the time required to fabricate the artificial crown. Therefore, production and installation of temporary crowns is carried out, which help protect teeth from mechanical trauma and the negative influence of pathological microorganisms. In addition, a temporary crown allows you to restore the functionality of the tooth before installing a permanent artificial crown.
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