If you are thinking about getting veneers for yourself, but you don’t know which veneers are better to choose, what they are in general, what they are used for and what is the difference between them, Estet-portal will be happy to help you understand all these and many other questions regarding composite veneers, ceramic veneers, direct and indirect veneers, as well as their manufacture and the characteristics of the materials included in their composition. These questions are answered by a dentist whose opinion you can rely on. So, everything you wanted to know about veneers.
As a result of the installation of veneers, the restored tooth of the patient is no different from the rest and becomes more durable. Veneers are made in accordance with the shape, color of the patient's teeth and his wishes.
Materials and technology
Veneers are divided into composite and ceramic. Composite veneers can be made directly (in the dentist's chair in one visit) and indirectly (using a dental laboratory) methods.
Porcelain veneers
Porcelain veneers are made in a laboratory. First, the doctor grinds the tooth, after which he receives an impression of the teeth, which is sent to the dental laboratory. The temporary veneer is then placed on the prepared tooth. In the dental laboratory at this time, an already permanent veneer is made by layering ceramic powders (classical method), or by injection molding (press ceramics), or by milling from solid blocks, such as zirconium dioxide. Then the dental technician paints it with special paints in accordance with the color of the adjacent teeth, after which the permanent veneer is cemented to the tooth.
Laboratory fabricated veneers are used to improve the condition of multiple teeth. They are quite strong and durable, they do not change their original color, unlike composite veneers, and this fact is important.
Composite veneers
To install a composite veneer, the doctor grinds off a thin layer of enamel, then, using adhesive systems, layer the composite filling material. These veneers are made in the oral cavity and last from 3 to 5 years. Most often, such veneers are used if they want to improve one or two teeth from the general row. They are also made by the laboratory method: after taking the impression, a model is obtained, then the veneer modeling follows and then it is polymerized in special polymerization ovens. In the clinic, the veneer is fixed on a flowable composite. Compared to straight veneers, the advantage of this method is a more complete polymerization of the composite and, as a result, its increased strength.
Benefits of composite veneers:
- Fast production. In the case of composite veneers, only one visit is sufficient. Small grinding of hard tissues of the tooth
- Longevity, especially for ceramic veneers
- Excellent cosmetics due to the absence of metal and other opaque materials.
Weaknesses:
- Low strength, especially composite veneers
- Low masking power with significant discoloration of the tooth
- Relatively high price of ceramic veneers.
Direct veneers
Laminate veneer (plywood - lit.) are porcelain (ceramic) or composite plates that replace the vestibular (outer) surface of the tooth / s. They allow you to correct completely or partially correct the violation of the shape or color of the teeth. Veneers are made in accordance with the ideas about the aesthetics and beauty of a smile, the color of the opposite and / or adjacent teeth of the patient, taking into account his wishes.
Direct veneers are another name for laminates that are made directly on the teeth in the mouth. The only material that is used for this in the oral cavity is composite. The most commonly used light-cured composite material. Since there is no significant load on the teeth of the anterior section, unlike the lateral sections, where the masticatory muscles can develop a force of 80 kg / cm2, there are no clear contraindications to direct composite veneers.
Indications for direct veneers
- Teeth discoloration with age;
- tooth shape change due to trauma, abrasion;
- pigmentation of tooth enamel that is not bleached (fluorosis, pigmented enamel cracks, tetracycline teeth);
- underdeveloped teeth (spiky), teeth whose enamel is damaged due to development (enamel hypoplasia, amelogenesis imperfecta);
- presence of tremas and diastemas, discrepancy between the transverse dimensions of the teeth and the patient's occlusion, slight displacement of the tooth along the vertical axis;
- uneven contour of the necks of the teeth, gum smile (Gum smile);
- presence of many defective seals;
- Change of tooth group affiliation (for example, a canine tooth is transformed into a lateral incisor with the help of a veneer).
Manufacture and installation of direct veneers
The classic technique for making direct composite veneers involves a little grinding, about 0.5 mm of the vestibular (front) surface of the tooth, and layering the composite material. If this stage is not carried out, then the dentist is forced to use opaque (opaque), matte, bright white shades of the composite. This makes the teeth convex, dull, unnatural. Direct restoration rules require the use of a rubber dam - a latex scarf that prevents direct contact of the working area with the oral cavity.
The materials used for direct laminates are the same as those used for fillings in the treatment of dental caries, although it is still better to use materials that are easier to polish and have the best color stability - these are hybrid, mini-filled composites and nanocomposites. The manufacturer is at the discretion of the patient, since all composite materials are currently in the same quality line, in fact, the selection criterion is only the preferences of the dentist.
The positive and significant advantages of composite veneers over ceramic veneers are only in price (on average, the cost is 2 times cheaper) and the speed of achieving the desired result. The quality and artistic level of performance entirely depend on the level of work of the dentist, his experience and his abilities and capabilities as a restorer. Unfortunately, composite veneers have much more disadvantages: increased abrasion, the need for regular polishing, due to the loss of gloss of composite restorations, brittleness, swelling of the composite in a humid environment of the oral cavity leads to difficult hygiene, gingivitis, irritation and bleeding of the gums, depressurization edges of restorations, pigmentation of the borders of restorations, over time, etc. It is also not recommended to hastily cover with a veneer a tooth that has changed in color,
All these other imperfections of the composites lead to the loss of gloss and attractive appearance of the composite restorations and require their replacement. The service life of composite veneers primarily depends on the general level of oral hygiene, the level of care and functional load on them. Also, patients need to know that composite materials are not resistant to the perception of alcohol-containing substances. On average, the service life of composite restorations ranges from 3-4 to 8-9 years. “Is it possible to replace a composite that has outlived its useful life?”, you ask. Yes, it is possible, because the boundaries of new artistic restorations become wider and wider over time.Estet-portal hopes that the above information will help you better understand the types of veneers, the features of their manufacture and the materials used for this. If you have additional questions, we recommend that you contact directly a specialist who has been using veneers in practice for more than a year.
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