Doctor's advice on how to prevent breast cancer

WHO statistics show that breast cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide. According to the Cancer Institute, every 7-8 women have problems with the mammary glands, but they turn to doctors too late: at the first examination, a quarter of women are found to have metastatic stages of the disease, which are very difficult to treat. Early detection of the disease will help to change the situation, because at stage 1 breast cancer is cured in 95% of women.

On the risk factors for breast cancer, the first signs, modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of this disease, read in an exclusive interview on estet-portal.com from Ph.D., plastic surgeon, member of the International Society of Plastic Surgeons ISAPS , author of the book "Women's Breasts: passion and pain», Pavel Denishchuk.

• What can provoke the development of breast cancer? How can a woman independently diagnose a neoplasm of the mammary glands? The main methods for diagnosing breast cancer Modern methods of treatment of cancer
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• How can a woman independently diagnose a neoplasm of the mammary glands? The main methods for diagnosing breast cancer Modern methods of treatment of cancer
breast xxxx>• How can a woman independently diagnose a neoplasm of the mammary glands? The main methods for diagnosing breast cancer Modern methods of treatment of cancer

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What can provoke the development of breast cancer P.D.:
Today, the following
risk factors for developing breast cancer are distinguished:


1. Heredity, the presence of breast cancer in the next of kin;

2. Genetic mutations (BRCA 1, BRCA 2);

3. The presence of benign diseases of the breast;

4. Early onset (before age 12) of the menstrual cycle and late menopause (after age 55);

5. Late first birth or no birth;

6. Estrogen hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women;

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How can a woman independently diagnose a neoplasm of the mammary glands

P.D.:
By chance, a woman may find herself in a seal in the form of nodules and "balls" localized in the chest. But it's not always a sign of cancer! Such seals may indicate the development of mastopathy or mastitis, cysts, therefore, in any case, an accurate diagnosis should be carried out in a specialized clinic. 

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in the areola.

Basic methods for diagnosing breast cancer P.D.:

SELF-EXAMINATION
– one of the most important ways to prevent the development of many breast diseases or to detect them at an early stage. It is necessary to carry out these activities once a month on the 10-12th day of the cycle!

- examination and palpation by a surgeon / mammologist / oncologist;

- ultrasound of the mammary glands and regional lymph nodes (for women under 40 years);

- mammography (for women over 40);

- mammoductoendoscopy (with pathological discharge from the nipple).
trepan-biopsy). Modern methods of breast cancer treatment
P.D.:
Today, there are such methods of breast cancer treatment:

Surgical treatment still remains one of the main methods of complex treatment of breast cancer and is based on two main requirements: radical operation and adherence to the principles of ablastic and antiblastic.
2. Radiation therapy for breast cancer
Radiotherapy as a component of combination therapy and as a stand-alone treatment plays an important role in the treatment of breast cancer.
In clinical practice, the following methods of radiation therapy are used:


- Preoperative irradiation aimed at increasing the ablasticity of the operation.

3. Systemic chemotherapy for breast cancer this is primarily due to the fact that, according to modern concepts, breast cancer already in the early stages acquires a systemic nature of the disease and requires complex treatment.


4. Hormonal treatment of breast cancer


At present, hormone therapy, along with surgical, radiation, chemotherapy and other well-known methods of treating breast cancer, is one of the main components of the complex therapy of this disease. The choice of hormonal treatment is based on its safety and low toxicity; the introduction of effective hormonal drugs made it possible to abandon surgical interventions: aromatase inhibitors replaced adrenalectomy, analogues of releasing hormones replaced oophorectomy, antiestrogens replaced postmenopausal estrogens, and progestins replaced androgens to some extent.