Removal of a tooth cyst: features of the treatment of the disease

Cyst tooth — This is a specific reaction of the body to an infection. It appears if pathogenic bacteria penetrate the root canal and provoke an inflammatory process in the bone tissue. A dense capsule forms around the focus of infection, which localizes the area where the cavity has arisen. This prevents the further spread of pathogenic bacteria, but the neoplasm itself must be eliminated. Removal of a tooth cyst is possible in several ways. Let's figure out what methods are used in modern dentistry.

• What is a tooth cyst and how dangerous is it
• How the disease occurs and manifests: causes and symptoms
• Tooth cyst removal: what dentists offer
• How to behave after surgery
• The main thing about tooth cyst and methods of its removal

What is a tooth cyst and how dangerous is it

The neoplasm consists of dead cells, colonies of pathogenic bacteria and inflammatory fluid. If the cyst is small (diameter does not reach 5 mm), it is called a granuloma. The disease can be asymptomatic, so often it is diagnosed only by a doctor during a preventive examination.

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Gradually, the granuloma develops into a cystogranuloma and a cyst. Pathogenic bacteria multiply, and the body, trying to suppress the inflammatory process, continues to supply immune cells to the neoplasm. If the immune system weakens, inflammation changes from a chronic phase to an acute one. Then a purulent abscess may appear, complications in the form of sepsis, periostitis, and sometimes osteomyelitis. Immediate removal of the tooth cyst is required.

C treatment cannot be delayed. Cyst growth is dangerous. It can lead to jaw fractures (this happens especially often if a cyst forms on the lower jaw), degenerate into a malignant tumor. Sometimes a cyst in the upper jaw takes root in the maxillary sinuses, which is fraught with sinusitis.

Read also: Aphthous stomatitis: how it occurs and how to get rid of it faster

How the disease occurs and manifests: causes and symptoms

The most common causes of the disease:

• Injuries. They open the way to infection.

• Infection during dental treatment. This can occur due to non-sterile dental instruments.

• Chronic diseases. Quite often, a cyst appears in people suffering from sinusitis, chronic tonsillitis or a runny nose.

• Weak immune system. If the body cannot cope with the attack of pathogens, chronic inflammation is possible.

• Dental diseases. Not  cure in time often leads to pulpitis or periodontitis — inflammation of the dental and peridental tissues, which in turn provokes the appearance of a cyst.

• Eruption of a wisdom tooth. At the slightest sign of an inflammatory process, you should contact a dentist and undergo treatment.

The disease may not appear in any way, and may make itself felt. The main symptom of a tooth cyst is pain. It can appear occasionally, for example, when pressing on a tooth. In some cases, the pain is constant, increasing over time. It is difficult to get rid of it with the help of conventional medicines and folk remedies.

If, along with the pain, swelling appears and the temperature rises, you should immediately consult a doctor. The only way to accurately diagnose a cyst — take an x-ray. It often happens that the disease is discovered by chance, taking a picture for the treatment of teeth next to the cyst.

Read also: To pull out a wisdom tooth or not: a difficult choice

Tooth cyst removal: what dentists offer

If the cyst is small (up to  8 mm), and the root canals are not sealed, therapeutic treatment is possible. In this case, the doctor cleans, disinfects and seals the tooth. Depophoresis is effective: the dentist injects a copper-calcium suspension into the root canal and acts on the cyst with weak current discharges. In the process of therapeutic treatment, pus is removed from the neoplasm, and the cavity is filled with a special paste that stimulates the growth of bone tissue.

Clinics with modern dental equipment can offer laser treatment for cysts. This is an expensive procedure, but the most effective and painless. There are rarely complications after it, and the wound heals quickly. After the procedure, you will have to refrain from eating for 4 hours, and then you need to use an antiseptic, but these are trifles compared to the recovery period after surgery.

Large neoplasms (>8mm in diameter) are most often removed surgically. The following methods are used:

• Cystectomy. The doctor removes the cyst, its membrane and part of the root of the tooth. If you follow the recommendations of the dentist after the operation, take antibiotics and do not forget about rinsing, there will be no complications. A huge minus of the method — having to extract a multi-rooted tooth.

• Cystotomy. The doctor removes the anterior wall of the cyst. The operation is simple, but the wound heals for a very long time.

• Hemisection. During such an operation, the neoplasm, the root and the affected part of the tooth crown are removed.

The method of treatment is chosen by the doctor. It takes into account all factors: the stage of development of the disease, the location of the cyst, the individual characteristics of the patient. The decision must be balanced and justified.

How to behave after surgery

After removing a tooth cyst, you must strictly adhere to the doctor's recommendations. "Amateur" and following "grandmother's recipes" can end very badly.

For example, in order to relieve postoperative pain, some patients put on warm compresses. This cannot be done, because heat accelerates the development of pathogenic bacteria. The risk of complications increases. You should also not take aspirin as a pain reliever, so as not to provoke bleeding.

In the first hours after the operation, you may feel unwell. It usually improves in half a day. For some time, discomfort is felt in the wound area, but there should not be severe pain. The swelling may increase at first, but then it will subside. It can last up to three days, subsides slowly and gradually. If there are warning signs (severe pain, temperature), it is better not to take risks and visit the doctor again.

Read also: Healing after tooth extraction: what you need to know

The main thing about tooth cyst and removal methods

Tooth cyst — a dangerous disease that can lead to very serious complications. To stay healthy, follow these tips:

• Regularly undergo preventive examinations at dentistry (at least once every six months)and contact doctor at the slightest sign of a cyst (constant or episodic pain, discomfort, inflammation).

• Make sure to take X-rays of your teeth during treatment. This will help diagnose a cyst if it is asymptomatic.

• If the doctor finds a cyst, start treatment immediately.

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Don't save on dental care and preventive measures. These costs always pay off. Choose trustworthy clinics and dentists with a good reputation.

Read also: Tooth bridge: worth it or not

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