Features of rhinoplasty: points on the face and lines of the face

Rhinoplasty is one of the most requested plastic surgery procedures. Such a prominent part of the face as the nose is often traumatized and requires reconstructive rhinoplasty in order to normalize the performance of all functions of the nose. But much more often, patients turn to plastic surgeons to perform aesthetic rhinoplasty – operations to correct the proportions and shape of the nose.

Plastic surgeons are real artists and jewelers who perform very delicate and complex work. In order to give the nose a shape that will ideally suit each individual patient, plastic surgeons are guided in their work by certain principles and must know the important lines of the face, points on the face and angles of the face.

What principles should be followed when planning a rhinoplasty

Plastic surgeons in their practice are guided by certain important principles, since the desire of the patient to change his appearance is not enough. A person can come to a plastic surgeon with a photo of an animal and ask the surgeon to make him the same face – but the doctor cannot agree to such ideas. Therefore, there are anatomical justifications for surgical intervention, which are the principles of rhinoplasty in particular:

• need to determine all anatomical issues prior to rhinoplasty;
• the doctor must ensure an adequate anatomical exposure of the tissues that cause the deformity of the nose;
• need to be preserved, restored and with all caution refers to the structures of all tissues of the nose and the nature of their relationships;
• permanent control over the degree of correction of specific deformities of the nose should be established;
• instead of truncation and removal of tissue, it is necessary to redistribute and reorient them;
• preservation and restoration of airway patency is the main principle of rhinoplasty!

The main defining points on a person's face

There are defining points on the face that plastic surgeons need to consider when performing rhinoplasty, as they help to design the optimal proportions of the shape of the nose. Such points on the face are as follows:

• gnasion – lower middle point of the protruding part of the chin;
• menton (menton) – the most prominent point on the lower edge of the chin;
• nasion (nasion) – a point on the face in the center between the nasal and frontal bones;
• pogonion – point on the face in the center of the most protruding part of the chin;
• rhinion (rhinion) - a point on the back of the nose where the cartilage of the nasal septum, nasal bones and triangular cartilages touch each other;
• sellion – deep point on the face in the depression between the glabella and the bridge of the nose;
• subnasal point – point on the face, located under the anterior nasal spine, which is the apex of the nasolabial angle.

Major facial lines and facial angles important for rhinoplasty

Plastic surgeons also distinguish between lines on the face and angles of the face, which must be taken into account in creating a proportional and optimally shaped nose before performing rhinoplasty:

• vertical face level – is a line on the face that is perpendicular to the natural horizontal level of the face;
• The natural horizontal level of the face is an imaginary horizontal line on the face that is drawn through the lateral profile of the face;
• a clinical frankfurt line on the face connects the lower edge of the orbit with the upper edge of the tragus;
• the columello-lobular angle of the face is located between the line of the columella, which is drawn through its fracture, and the line of the face along the contour of the lobule;
• the alar-facial angle of the face is located between the alar of the nose and the buccal region;
• of dome definitions the angle of the face is between the lines of the face drawn along the segment of the dome medially and the lateral pedicle laterally with the apex at the defining point;
• dome divergence the angle of the face is located between the lines extending from the defining points of the domes and the defining point of the columella;
• the nasolabial angle of the face is determined on the face in profile, formed at the intersection of the line drawn through the most anterior and posterior points of the nostril, with the vertical level of the face;
• naso-frontal angle of the face is between the vertical line of the glabella and the bridge of the nose;
• anterior septal angle of the face is formed at the junction of the anterior superior and caudal edges of the cartilaginous part of the nasal septum;
• tip rotation angle is between the line of the face, which continues the columella, and the break line of the columella to the defining point of the nasal tip.

Only knowing the locations and taking into account all points on the face, facial lines and angles, as well as taking into account the basic principles of rhinoplasty, a plastic surgeon can correctly model the desired result of the operation and competently perform rhinoplasty, satisfying all the wishes of the patient.