Therapist of the highest accreditation category, functional medicine specialist, member of the Institute of Functional Medicine (USA) Andrey Primak shared the results of the most relevant research in the field of skin aging.
In the article estet-portal.com you can get acquainted in detail with the 5 basic principles of skin aging, which directly depend on ultraviolet radiation (UVR), hormonal levels and blood glucose levels.
You will learn exactly how the body helps to preserve the natural beauty during sleep and what processes require you to have a good night's rest.
What processes cause skin aging
AP: The cellular composition of the skin is very diverse. Keratinocytes are short-lived cells, in contrast, long-lived, rapidly dividing cells are stem cells.
The key mechanism of aging is not a decrease in the number of stem cells, but a decrease in their functional activity. This may be due to the accumulation of glycation products, oxidative damage to the receptor apparatus, disruption of the structure of the extracellular matrix, which normally allows the stem cell to move.
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Causes of reduced stem cell activity
A.P.: The reasons for the decline in stem cell activity are consonant with the general principles of aging:
1. oxidative stress
During UV exposure, toxic effects in the body accumulate a large amount of free radicals that can damage protein structures, namely the receptor apparatus of the stem cell, which leads to a violation of their functional activity.
In fibroblasts, under the influence of external factors, carbonylation of proteins occurs. In this case, for example, the work of proteins that are involved in the synthesis of collagen is disrupted
2. formation of cross-links
Under the influence of glycation processes, cross-links are synthesized between collagen and elastin filaments, between collagen fiber structures.
Glycation – the process of attaching carbohydrate structures, such as glucose, fructose, to a protein.
The process of glycation of the extracellular matrix disrupts the work of fibroblasts. The skin loses its strength, elasticity, hydration.
3. decrease in mitochondrial activity
95% of the energy in the cell is produced in the mitochondria. If their work is disturbed, then the fibroblast does not receive sufficient energy for the synthesis of collagen.
4. disruption of hormones
Discoordination of hormones leads to skin aging. A decrease in the concentration of sex hormones disrupts the work of fibroblasts. Another equally important hormone is melatonin, which is synthesized in large quantities in the skin and protects against ultraviolet radiation, stimulates the expression of genes that are responsible for the detoxification function. Do not forget about stress hormones: the most sensitive to them is the synthesis of hyaluronic acid. Low and high doses of cortisol reduce fibroblast synthesis.
5. autophagy
Studies show that over time, the cellular capacity of autophagy does not decrease, but the amount of material for utilization exceeds this capacity, as a result, lipofuscin accumulates.
Lipofuscin – light brown pigment, metabolic product containing iron.
How sleep is associated with youth and beauty of the skin
A.P.: Sleep is the key moment of skin repair:
1. The peak of melatonin secretion in the pineal gland stimulates the expression of genes that are responsible for the antioxidant detoxification function, the synthesis of sirtuins, which are associated with longevity; Sirtuins, by weakening the action of NF-κB, inhibit cellular aging.
2. decrease in the level of stress hormone, catabolic processes are suspended, so fibroblasts begin their active work;
3. Decrease in insulin production. It is known that sleep disturbance is accompanied by the development of insulin resistance.
Hyperinsulinemia – dangerous aging factor.
Thank you for staying with estet-portal.com. Read other interesting articles in the "Cosmetology" section. You may be interested in How to slow down skin aging: epigenetic possibilities of cosmetology
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