The term "metabolic syndrome" in our time refers to a group of factors that, taken together, significantly increase the risk of developing cardiac diseases (in particular, atherosclerosis) and diabetes mellitus.
Identification of the metabolic syndrome in a patient and timely provision of recommendations for its correction can significantly reduce the risk of these dangerous chronic diseases.
For more information about what the concept of «metabolic syndrome», as well as the diagnosis of this condition, read on estet-portal.com in this article.
Relevance of the issue: epidemiology of the metabolic syndrome
The first large-scale statistical study on the epidemiology of metabolic syndrome was conducted in the Netherlands between 1989 and 2000.
According to its results, the prevalence of this condition among the population aged 50 to 75 is on average 19% in men and 26% in women.
According to the Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines "Metabolic syndrome" (2017), the presence of metabolic syndrome for five years doubles the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus – five times respectively.
Among the population of the CIS aged 45-69 years, according to official statistics, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is on average 26%.
Thus, a quarter of the population has a high risk of developing atherosclerosis and diabetes. The real numbers are probably much higher.
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Metabolic syndrome: modern diagnostic criteria
For the first time, the concept of "metabolic syndrome" was proposed by the World Health Organization in 1998. Since then, the diagnostic criteria for this pathological condition have changed repeatedly.
Today, metabolic syndrome is diagnosed in patients with three or more of the following five factors:
1. Increase in waist circumference over 94 cm for men and 80 cm for women;
2. Increased triglyceride levels greater than 1.7 mmol/l;
3. Increased blood pressure over 135/85mmHg;4. Increase
blood glucose on an empty stomach over 5.6 mmol/l;
5.Thus, the detection of any of the criteria for the metabolic syndrome (eg, abdominal obesity) in a patient indicates the need for further diagnostic measures. For more information about what tests should be performed to confirm the presence of metabolic syndrome, read later in the article.
A number of simple diagnostic tests should be performed to confirm metabolic syndrome. A doctor of any specialty should have knowledge of their algorithm.
Thus, the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome includes:
1. Determination of waist circumference;2. Blood pressure measurement;
3. Lipidogram;
4. Glucose tolerance test.
How to assess the relationship between obesity and chronic diseases
A patient with metabolic syndrome must be referred for a consultation with a cardiologist and an endocrinologist. Unfortunately, many heart diseases and diabetes mellitus are rarely diagnosed in patients before their complications develop.
Timely diagnosis of cardiovascular and diabetic disorders can significantly improve their prognosis, as well as prevent the development of severe complications.
The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, as mentioned above, requires a minimum number of simple diagnostic tests. Therefore, every doctor should be alert to the possible presence of this condition in a patient and be able to identify it.
Thank you for staying with estet-portal.com. Read other interesting articles in the "Endocrinology" section. You may also be interested in
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