Interesting Facts

How Optical Illusions of Vision Trick Our Brain

Как оптические иллюзии зрения обманывают наш мозг

For centuries, evolution has improved the mechanisms of perception. So our vision (perhaps the main way to obtain information about the surrounding world) allows us to recognize and correctly interpret what is happening around. Our eyes and  cortex work surprisingly smoothly and  subtly. However, in this work, there are failures due to which optical illusions of vision arise. Let's figure out why we see not what what we look at, and how there is our visual perception.

How we see surrounding objects

In order to form a picture of the surrounding space in the brain, the eyes often move and continuously give signals (we don't even notice these micromovements). As a result, the brain converts these impulses into a three-dimensional picture. Bright and "light objects"are read" faster than dark and  dim, so we see them as if closer. The background also matters: on dark objects appear protruding, and on light — remote.

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In order to avoid wasting time and energy on processing the images seen many times, patterns are stored in the brain. Thanks to this, we read quickly, unconsciously reproducing letters we know, and also "recognize" outlines of a human face or familiar images in & nbsp; chaotic lines. In & nbsp; in some cases, the brain will "finish" picture, complementing it with those details that will help recreate the familiar pattern. Therefore, various optical illusions of vision arise. Consider the most famous.

Read also: Working with the subconscious mind: 5 main myths

Moving pictures: why do they move

We have all seen those chaotic lines and patterns that seem to move when you look at them. The thing is  that our eye simultaneously sees such a picture both as a whole object, and as as a set of components. Among this set, some colors are lighter, some are darker, plus they are contrasting. Trying to focus on  this heterogeneous image of the eye "snatches" different parts of the picture, which seem now closer, then further, creating the effect of movement. Like the wheels of this bike.

And if you move further away, then all the magic disappears, because the small details are already indistinguishable, and we see just a bright, multi-colored circle.

Read also: 17 most interesting facts about the human body

Such identical and unequal objects

The simplest optical illusions of vision involve appearing differences in dimensions. If you surround an object with small details, on their background it will be large, when the same object, but among large details it will seem smaller. Visual proof below (don't check, the orange circles are actually the same).

Color optical illusions of our vision

Color perception depends on many factors and even the same colors we see different. And vice versa, if the brain "knows" that a sheet of paper is white, it will see it as white in any light, ignoring the actual color. This, by the way, explains the paradox of the sensational "what color is the dress." Those who saw blue-black simply imagined it photographed under artificial, dim lighting.

Below is another example of how our brain deceives itself. Cells A and B are the same, although they look gray and white to us.

This, by the way, is another classic example of stereotyped perception. Our brain "knows" that objects in the  shadow are darker than they really are, and chess cells are divided into white and black. Therefore, he stubbornly "paints" plaid B in white color.

Read also: 8 interesting facts about human vision

Natural optical illusions of vision: I see what is not there

Not only painted pictures can deceive perception. In nature you can also see non-existent things. For example, the human face in the picture below.

Or such an unexpected production. Due to the fact that the background is uniform and there are no objects that determine the distance of objects from the viewer, the figures seem to be located in the same plane.

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In fact, the mechanisms of vision are still being studied by scientists, but the fact that we far from always see real things as they are — fact. But it is impossible not to notice that optical illusions of vision make the world around us more interesting and brighter, and also help scientists to study the mechanisms of information perception.

Read also: What can slow down our development

You may be interested in: Memory Test.


  • Comments (1)

    анна#9570
    01 ноября 2018, 22:36

    Очень хорошая статья.


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