Oligophrenia: stages of mental retardation and how to identify them

The number of people suffering from various forms of oligophrenia is increasing every year. What is it connected with?
There are no exact data, but there are many scientists' assumptions: an unhealthy lifestyle of a pregnant woman, serious illnesses of the mother in the first trimester of childbearing, etc.

And if earlier you could only read about oligophrenic in medical literature, now you can meet such a person in public transport.

Many simply turn away from people with this problem, not knowing that many of them – full members of society.

estet-portal.com will introduce you to the stages of mental retardation so that you are aware of such a delicate problem as "dementia".

1. Oligophrenia: the essence of the diagnosis, features, causes
2. Mild stage of oligophrenia – the so-called debility
3. Imbecility as a moderate stage of oligophrenia
4. How a severe form of oligophrenia manifests itself
5. Oligophrenia: how difficult is it and is there a treatment

Oligophrenia: the essence of the diagnosis, features, causes

Synonym for oligophrenia – this is mental retardation, which is characterized by insufficient development of intellectual abilities due to incomplete development of the brain, both physiological and functional.

As a result of this, oligophrenic are unable to overcome the limits of their mental abilities and are limited by biological ones. Interestingly, the disease does not progress or regress, it is static.

A person's abilities depend on the severity of mental retardation. The causes of the development of pathology are mostly congenital, but there are cases when the disease is acquired.

Congenital causes:

•    infectious ailments that a pregnant woman suffered in the first trimester (serious complications can cause rubella);

•    Rhesus conflict;

•    damage to the brain of the fetus in the last stages of pregnancy.

The causes of acquired mental retardation are deep damage to the skull, factors that affect the functioning of the brain or vascular dysfunction. Mild stage of oligophrenia – so-called debility

Due to the fact that the concept of «moron» more and more often people use in everyday life as an offensive word, the term

«debility»

is rarely used, more often – mild mental retardation. It is impossible to determine externally such a deviation, since people with such a pathology can be successful in different areas: in mathematics or art, for example.

The diagnosis is made by a specialist using tests that determine the level of intelligence. It is recommended to use

brain training methods.

It is easier to identify a deviation in childhood according to the following characteristics:

•    bad memory;

•    lack of abstract thinking;

•    poorly developed logic;

•    poor

lexicon; •    unreachable concepts of time and space.

Imbecility as a moderate stage of oligophrenia

Imbecile

– this is the middle between complex and mild forms of pathology. Staying at this stage, the patient understands the surrounding reality and there is a logically connected speech. But the vocabulary is poor and consists of few words in a sentence.

Symptoms of the pathology are also:

•    inability to concentrate;

•    lack of development of will;

•    inability to gain new knowledge;

•    scarcity of emotions.

Imbeciles are attached to

their loved ones. And by trying, they can master reading, writing and counting. It is interesting that oligophrenia in developed countries affects only 1% of the population, and among patients, 85% have a slight degree of retardation.

How does a severe form of oligophrenia manifest itself

Idiot

– a severe degree of pathology, it is expressed in a lack of understanding and lack of awareness of the world around. In addition to disorders associated with the functioning of the brain and nervous system, the disease is accompanied by other serious problems.

Idiot patients are characterized by:

•    anatomical problems of internal organs;

•    difficulties in movement;

•    lack of coherent verbal speech;

•    emotional primitiveness (the presence of satisfaction only from the fulfillment of physiological needs);

•    Communication is manifested in screams and facial expressions.

People belonging to this category of dementia cannot be found on the street, most often they are in specialized boarding schools

with proper care.

Before making a final diagnosis, the doctor must conduct a complete examination, including the study of the characteristics of the course of pregnancy. Once the diagnosis is established, treatment can begin. But it is important to know that it is impossible to completely get rid of the problem.

If we are talking about a mild stage, then medication can get rid of some of the symptoms. Therapy is prescribed on an individual basis, taking into account the characteristics of the disease.

Treatment, depending on the cause, may include:

•    taking hormonal drugs –

hormone levels affect the psyche; •    use of drugs that stimulate mental activity;

•    taking mood boosters;

•    use of vitamin complexes.

Traditional medicine methods can help to relieve overexcitation, using herbal decoctions for calming. An important role in the treatment process is occupied by the use of correctional pedagogy and training in self-service skills.

Mental retardation – a serious illness manifested by weak intellectual abilities. Oligophrenia is static: you should not hope for a dulling or progression of the disease. There are three stages of the disease, differing in the severity of the pathology.

Unfortunately, the concept of

oligophrenia

is becoming more and more familiar to others firsthand. Teachers are trying to convey to society that such people should not be shunned, but it is better to help them adapt. Ignorance of the stages of mental retardation leads to the fact that we equate everyone under the same bar, not realizing that many

oligophrenics

can fully exist in society with a mild degree. There is practically no prevention of pathology, but every pregnant woman should be aware of this issue, since more often the disease is congenital.

Proper diet, strong immunity – pledge of a healthy baby. Well, don't forget about a positive attitude,

stop being nervous, because, despite the prevalence of the problem, statistics show the rarity of oligophrenia (1% of the total population of the country) .

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